Structural insights and biomedical potential of IgNAR scaffolds from sharks.
Structural insights and biomedical potential of IgNAR scaffolds from sharks.
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DOI：
10.4161/19420862.2015.989032
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Kolmar H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zielonka S;Empting M;Grzeschik J;Könning D;Barelle CJ;Kolmar H
除了具有经典的重链和轻链组成的抗体外，鲨鱼的适应性免疫库还包括仅重链同种型，其中抗原结合仅由一个小而高度稳定的结构域介导，称为 vNAR。近年来，由于 vNAR 片段具有高亲和力和特异性，加上尺寸小、理化稳定性高和生产成本低，因此 vNAR 片段已发展成为有前景的靶标结合支架，可以为医学和生物技术应用量身定制。本综述重点介绍了 vNAR 分子的结构特征，讨论了使用免疫或体外高通量筛选方法生成它们的各个方面，并提供了治疗、诊断和其他生物技术应用的示例。
In addition to antibodies with the classical composition of heavy and light chains, the adaptive immune repertoire of sharks also includes a heavy-chain only isotype, where antigen binding is mediated exclusively by a small and highly stable domain, referred to as vNAR. In recent years, due to their high affinity and specificity combined with their small size, high physicochemical stability and low-cost of production, vNAR fragments have evolved as promising target-binding scaffolds that can be tailor-made for applications in medicine and biotechnology. This review highlights the structural features of vNAR molecules, addresses aspects of their generation using immunization or in vitro high throughput screening methods and provides examples of therapeutic, diagnostic and other biotechnological applications.