Avoiding the flow: refuges expand the swimming potential of coral reef fishes
Avoiding the flow: refuges expand the swimming potential of coral reef fishes
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DOI：
10.1007/s00338-007-0217-y
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Bellwood, D. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johansen, J. L.;Fulton, C. J.;Bellwood, D. R.
虽然许多珊瑚礁鱼类利用底层避难所，水流和游泳能力对这种避难模式的直接影响尚未建立。本研究探讨了游泳能力和避难行为的一个labrid（海猪属margaritaceus）和pomacentrid（Pomacentrus chrysurus），居住在高流量，波浪席卷珊瑚礁单位。避难模式的实地观察相结合的流动罐中使用的副本，这些物种经常使用的底层孔的实验评价。在礁滩上常见的流速范围（0-60 cm s（-1））下，底层避难所内的流速降低到0-12 cm s（-1），代表流量减少75-100%。每个物种的游泳能力，然后测试在60厘米秒（-1），并没有访问这个流避难所。当有避难所时，这两种物种都能在60 cm s（-1）的水流中保持相当长的活动时间，H的活动时间从大约39 min增加到36 h。对黄尾原螯虾（P. chrysurus）的影响为8 min ~ 88 h。尽管H. margaritaceus的游泳能力最强，没有避难所，P. chrysurus能够维持游泳活动的时间是H.当有避难所的时候。这些活动的增加可能是由于能量的节省，与直接游泳到60 cm s（-1）的单向流相比，这种类型的避难所提供了估计95%的能量节省。这些结果突出了避难行为提供的主要优势，并强调了栖息地避难所的重要性，在塑造珊瑚礁鱼类的栖息地利用模式。
While many coral reef fishes utilise substratum refuges, the direct influence of water flow and swimming ability on such refuging patterns is yet to be established. This study examined the swimming ability and refuging behaviour of a labrid (Halichoeres margaritaceus) and a pomacentrid (Pomacentrus chrysurus) that inhabit high flow, wave-swept coral reef flats. Field observations of refuging patterns were combined with experimental evaluations in a flow tank using a replica of a substratum hole frequently used by these species. Under a range of flow speeds commonly found on the reef flat (0-60 cm s(-1)), flow within the substratum refuge was reduced to speeds of 0-12 cm s(-1), representing a 75-100% flow reduction. Swimming ability of each species was then tested at 60 cm s(-1) with and without access to this flow refuge. Both species were able to maintain activity within the 60 cm s(-1) flow for considerably longer when provided with a refuge, with increases from approximately 39 min to 36 h for H. margaritaceus and 8 min to 88 h for P. chrysurus. Despite H. margaritaceus having the strongest swimming ability without access to a refuge, P. chrysurus was able to maintain swimming activity more than twice as long as H. margaritaceus when provided with a refuge. These increases in activity are probably due to energetic savings, with this type of refuge providing an estimated 95% energy saving over swimming directly into a unidirectional flow of 60 cm s(-1). These results highlight the major advantages provided by refuging behaviour and emphasise the importance of habitat refuges in shaping patterns of habitat use in reef fishes.