Internationally recruited nurses from India and the Philippines in the United Kingdom: the decision to emigrate
Internationally recruited nurses from India and the Philippines in the United Kingdom: the decision to emigrate
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DOI：
10.1186/1478-4491-7-37
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发表时间：
2009-04-24
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Maben, Jill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alonso-Garbayo, Alvaro;Maben, Jill
背景：英国从印度和菲律宾等报告护理劳动力过剩的国家招聘护士。然而，人们对来自这些国家的护士做出的移民决定知之甚少。一种理论认为，个人会权衡移民的好处和成本：推动因素和拉动因素。本文挑战了这一主要理论的有限经济焦点，并比较了来自不同国家的护士以及有过移民经历的护士和第一次移民的护士的不同动机。方法：本研究是在伦敦国家卫生服务机构的一项尖锐信任中进行的，采用定性解释的方法。数据是通过对来自印度(n=6)和菲律宾(n=15)的国际招聘护士的面对面、纵向和横断面访谈收集的；并使用对他们叙述的分析来产生关于他们的期望和经历的数据。结果：从个体角度来看，本研究中的护士首先报告的经济原因是导致流动的主要原因。然而，这并不能完全解释为什么要离开经济需求已经得到满足的移民目的地(如沙特阿拉伯)。在这些情况下，移徙受到职业和社会愿望的影响，这些愿望突出了文化环境的影响--特别是一些与宗教和性别有关的问题。原籍国和目的地国的家庭支助和移徙网络的支助也是有利于和支持移徙的重要因素。据报道，来自印度的护士来到英国是为了留下来，而菲律宾护士是作为临时移民来菲律宾汇款养家糊口的。结论：本研究显示了来自不同国家和不同移民背景的护士的不同动机，并提供了经济因素以外的因素影响护士移民决定的证据。这些信息可以帮助发展中国家留住这一重要且往往稀缺的资源，还可以帮助联合王国的国家卫生服务改善国际征聘护士的经验，从而增加他们在联合王国的留存。
Background: The United Kingdom has recruited nurses from countries with a reported surplus in their nursing workforce, such as India and the Philippines. However, little is known about the decision to emigrate made by nurses from these countries. One theory suggests that individuals weigh the benefits and costs of migration: the push and pull factors. This paper challenges the restricted economic focus of this predominant theory and compares the diverse motivations of nurses from different countries as well as those of nurses with previous migratory experience and first-time migrants.Methods: This research was undertaken in a National Health Service acute trust in London by means of a qualitative interpretative approach. Data were collected through face-to-face longitudinal and cross-sectional interviews with internationally recruited nurses from India (n = 6) and the Philippines (n = 15); and analysis of their narratives was used to generate data about their expectations and experiences. Data were analysed by means of a framework approach that allowed for intra-case and cross-case analysis.Results: From an individual perspective, nurses in this study reported economic reasons as the main trigger for migration in the first instance. Yet this doesn't entirely explain the decision to move from previous migratory destinations ( e. g. Saudi Arabia) where economic needs are already fulfilled. In these cases migration is influenced by professional and social aspirations that highlight the influence of the cultural environment - specifically some religious and gender-related issues. Family support and support from migratory networks in the country of origin and destination were also important elements conducive to and supportive of migration. Nurses from India report coming to the United Kingdom to stay, while Filipina nurses come as temporary migrants sending remittances to support their families in the Philippines.Conclusion: This study shows the diverse motivations of nurses from different countries and with different migratory backgrounds and provides evidence that factors other than economic factors influence nurses' decision to emigrate. This information can help developing countries increase retention of this essential and often scarce resource and can also help the United Kingdom's National Health Service to improve the experience of internationally recruited nurses and therefore increase their retention in the United Kingdom.