Epigenetic control during lymphoid development and immune responses: aberrant regulation, viruses, and cancer.
Epigenetic control during lymphoid development and immune responses: aberrant regulation, viruses, and cancer.
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淋巴管发育和免疫反应过程中的表观遗传控制：异常调节、病毒和癌症。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb05962.x
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mikovits,Judy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muegge,Kathrin;Young,Howard;Ruscetti,Francis;Mikovits,Judy
翻译后摘要：胞嘧啶的甲基化控制一些生物过程，如印记和X染色体失活。DNA高甲基化与转录沉默密切相关，而DNA低甲基化与转录激活相关。组蛋白的低乙酰化导致致密的染色质与转录机制的可及性降低。甲基-CpG结合蛋白可以募集辅阻遏物和组蛋白去乙酰化酶;因此，这些表观遗传机制之间的相互作用调节基因激活。甲基化被认为是免疫发育过程中的重要机制，控制VDJ重组、细胞表面抗原的谱系特异性表达以及免疫应答过程中细胞因子基因的转录调节。表观遗传机制的畸变，无论是由基因突变还是由病毒感染等体细胞变化引起的，都与免疫缺陷和癌症等慢性疾病的早期改变有关。
Abstract:Methylation of cytosines controls a number of biologic processes such as imprinting and X chromosomal inactivation. DNA hypermethylation is closely associated with transcriptional silencing, while DNA hypomethylation is associated with transcriptional activation. Hypoacetylation of histones leads to compact chromatin with reduced accessibility to the transcriptional machinery. Methyl‐CpG binding proteins can recruit corepressors and histone deacetylases; thus, the interplay between these epigenetic mechanisms regulates gene activation. Methylation has been implicated as an important mechanism during immune development, controlling VDJ recombination, lineage‐specific expression of cell surface antigens, and transcriptional regulation of cytokine genes during immune responses. Aberrations in epigenetic machinery, either by genetic mutations or by somatic changes such as viral infections, are associated with early alterations in chronic diseases such as immunodeficiency and cancer.