Characteristics of the German uranium miners cohort study
Characteristics of the German uranium miners cohort study
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DOI：
10.1097/00004032-200207000-00003
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Grosche, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreuzer, M;Brachner, A;Grosche, B
为了评估与低水平和高水平氡暴露有关的癌症风险，德国正在对铀矿工人进行一项最大的单一队列研究，其中包括在1946年至1989年期间在东德前维斯穆特铀矿公司工作至少6个月的58,721名男子。从原始工资单和医疗记录中收集了有关工作经历、吸烟、粉尘和砷的信息。通过使用详细的工作暴露矩阵来估计氡及其子代的暴露。确定1998年12月31日生命状况的第一次死亡率后续行动已经开始。这一群体包括49,342名在地下或加工/碾磨设施工作的暴露矿工和9,379名从未暴露的工人。1946年至1954年（n=19,865）是工作条件最恶劣的年份，与1955年至1970年（121 WLM和11 y， n=14,155）和1970年之后（10 WLM和6 y， n=15,322）相比，首次接触的矿工的平均累积氡暴露量（709工作水平月，WLM）更高，暴露时间（平均=13 y）更长。该队列中有38%的人有吸烟信息，这表明大多数矿工都是重度吸烟者。在第一次死亡率随访中，预计共有约15,000名死亡男性，其中约2,200人死于肺癌。这项研究的主要优势在于它的规模和大量的工人在相对较长的时间内接受了较低的暴露。
To evaluate the risk of cancer associated with low and high levels of radon exposure one of the largest single cohort studies on uranium miners is being conducted in Germany including 58,721 men who were employed for at least 6 mo between 1946 and 1989 at the former Wismut uranium company in Eastern Germany. Information on job history, smoking, dust, and arsenic was collected from the original payrolls and the medical records. Exposure to radon and its progeny was estimated by using a detailed job-exposure matrix. The first mortality follow-up determining the vital status as of 31 December 1998 has been started. The cohort includes 49,342 exposed miners who have worked underground or in processing/milling facilities and 9,379 never-exposed workers. Miners who had been exposed for the first time between 1946 and 1954 (n=19,865), the years with the poorest working conditions, show higher mean cumulative radon exposures (709 working level months, WLM) and a longer duration of exposure (mean=13 y) than those with the first exposure between 1955 to 1970 (121 WLM and 11 y, n=14,155) or after 1970 (10 WLM and 6 y, n=15,322), respectively. Information on smoking is available for 38% of the cohort, demonstrating that most miners were heavy smokers. In the first mortality follow-up a total of about 15,000 deceased men including about 2,200 lung cancer deaths are expected. The main strengths of the study are its size and the large group of workers having received low exposures over relatively long periods of time.