Draft genome of the globally widespread and invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile)
Draft genome of the globally widespread and invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile)
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1008617108
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发表时间：
2011-04-05
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Tsutsui, Neil D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Christopher D.;Zimin, Aleksey;Tsutsui, Neil D.
蚂蚁是地球上最丰富和最熟悉的动物之一，它们在大多数陆地生态系统中发挥着重要作用。虽然所有的蚂蚁都是群居的，并表现出各种复杂而迷人的行为，但它们的基因组资源很少。在这里，我们报告了一个特别广泛和充分研究的物种，入侵阿根廷蚂蚁（Linepithema humile）的基因组序列草案，这是使用454（罗氏）和Illumina测序和社区为基础的资金，而不是联邦拨款支持的组合完成的。来自各种不同基因家族和功能类别的超过1，000个基因的手动注释揭示了阿根廷蚂蚁生物学的独特特征，以及与意大利蜜蜂和丽翅蚁的相似性。阿根廷蚂蚁基因组的显著特征包括味觉（116个基因）和气味受体（367个基因）的显著扩增，丰富的细胞色素P450基因（>110），黄/主要皇家果冻蛋白和去饱和酶的谱系特异性扩增，以及完整的CpG DNA甲基化和RNAi工具包。阿根廷蚂蚁的基因组比果蝇和赤拟谷盗的基因组含有更少的免疫基因，这可能反映了行为和化学抑制病原体所起的重要作用。对生殖发育和凋亡途径中基因的观察到的CpG核苷酸与预期的CpG核苷酸的比率的分析表明甲基化水平高于基因组整体。这个基因组序列提供的资源将为研究人员提供丰富的工具，以阐明这种新兴模式生物的迷人生物学。
Ants are some of the most abundant and familiar animals on Earth, and they play vital roles in most terrestrial ecosystems. Although all ants are eusocial, and display a variety of complex and fascinating behaviors, few genomic resources exist for them. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a particularly widespread and well-studied species, the invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile), which was accomplished using a combination of 454 (Roche) and Illumina sequencing and community-based funding rather than federal grant support. Manual annotation of >1,000 genes from a variety of different gene families and functional classes reveals unique features of the Argentine ant's biology, as well as similarities to Apis mellifera and Nasonia vitripennis. Distinctive features of the Argentine ant genome include remarkable expansions of gustatory (116 genes) and odorant receptors (367 genes), an abundance of cytochrome P450 genes (>110), lineage-specific expansions of yellow/major royal jelly proteins and desaturases, and complete CpG DNA methylation and RNAi toolkits. The Argentine ant genome contains fewer immune genes than Drosophila and Tribolium, which may reflect the prominent role played by behavioral and chemical suppression of pathogens. Analysis of the ratio of observed to expected CpG nucleotides for genes in the reproductive development and apoptosis pathways suggests higher levels of methylation than in the genome overall. The resources provided by this genome sequence will offer an abundance of tools for researchers seeking to illuminate the fascinating biology of this emerging model organism.