Ecological preferences of exophilic and endophilic ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing wild carnivores in the Iberian Peninsula
Ecological preferences of exophilic and endophilic ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing wild carnivores in the Iberian Peninsula
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.09.003
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发表时间：
2012-03-23
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ruiz-Fons, Francisco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sobrino, Raquel;Millan, Javier;Ruiz-Fons, Francisco
寄生于野生食肉动物的蜱及其传播的蜱传病原体（TBP）可能会影响家养食肉动物和人类。因此，研究野生食肉动物作为蜱宿主的作用对于了解自然疫源地蜱的生命周期以及与家畜和人类共有的 TBP 的流行病学具有重要意义。因此，本研究的主要目的是确定西班牙半岛野生食肉动物的蜱蜱动物群以及导致野生食肉动物被蜱蜱寄生风险的环境因素。我们假设蜱物种对不同气候条件的适应可能反映在我们研究区域的生物气候区域之间的蜱对野生食肉动物的相似寄生风险中。为了测试这一点，我们调查了西班牙半岛海洋、大陆-地中海和热地中海生物气候区野生食肉动物中的蜱蜱。我们通过逻辑回归模型分析了环境因素对野生食肉动物被蜱寄生风险的影响。在环境条件对其生命周期的预期不同影响下，分别对嗜外性和嗜内性蜱进行了模型分析。我们发现来自不同生物气候区域的寄生野生食肉动物的蜱群落的组成存在差异。建模结果部分证实了我们的零假设，因为生物气候区域并不是影响野生食肉动物被嗜外蜱寄生风险的相关因素。然而，生物气候区域是导致野生食肉动物被内嗜蜱寄生风险的一个因素。西班牙野生食肉动物是一定数量蜱虫的宿主，其中一些是引起严重动物和人类疾病的病原体的潜在媒介。本文提供的信息有助于了解西班牙野生动物中的蜱生态学、蜱传疾病的流行病学，并有助于预防 TBP 对野生动物、家畜和人类的风险。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Ticks parasitizing wild carnivores and the tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) that they transmit may affect domestic carnivores and humans. Thus, investigating the role of wild carnivores as tick hosts is of relevance for understanding the life cycle of ticks in natural foci and the epidemiology of TBPs shared with domestic animals and humans. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the ixodid tick fauna of wild carnivores in Peninsular Spain and the environmental factors driving the risk of wild carnivores to be parasitized by ixodid ticks. We hypothesized that the adaptation of tick species to differing climatic conditions may be reflected in a similar parasitization risk of wild carnivores by ticks between bioclimatic regions in our study area. To test this, we surveyed ixodid ticks in wild carnivores in oceanic, continental-Mediterranean, and thermo-Mediterranean bioclimatic regions of Peninsular Spain. We analyzed the influence of environmental factors on the risk of wild carnivores to be parasitized by ticks by performing logistic regression models. Models were separately performed for exophilic and endophilic ticks under the expected differing influence of environmental conditions on their life cycle. We found differences in the composition of the tick community parasitizing wild carnivores from different bioclimatic regions. Modelling results partially confirmed our null hypothesis because bioclimatic region was not a relevant factor influencing the risk of wild carnivores to be parasitized by exophilic ticks. Bioclimatic region was however a factor driving the risk of wild carnivores to be parasitized by endophilic ticks. Spanish wild carnivores are hosts to a relevant number of tick species, some of them being potential vectors of pathogens causing serious animal and human diseases. Information provided herein can be of help to understand tick ecology in Spanish wildlife, the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases, and to prevent the risks of TBPs for wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.