From gene to biorefinery: microbial β-etherases as promising biocatalysts for lignin valorization.
From gene to biorefinery: microbial β-etherases as promising biocatalysts for lignin valorization.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.00916
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Schallmey A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Picart P;de María PD;Schallmey A
建立生物精炼厂以实现木质纤维素生物质的价值将是未来实现可持续发展目标的核心。在这一领域，生物质降解酶因其在从可再生原料生产化学品和生物燃料方面的潜力而吸引了大量的研究兴趣。谷胱甘肽依赖性β-醚酶是一种新兴的酶，用于生物催化木质素的解聚，木质素是自然界中丰富的非均相芳香族聚合物。它们选择性地催化β-O-4芳基醚键的还原裂解，该键占木质素中存在的键的45 - 60%。因此，β-醚酶在木质素解聚中的应用将使特定的木质素分解成为可能，选择性地产生（有价值的）低分子量芳族化合物。虽然β-醚酶在生物化学上已经知道了几十年，但直到最近才鉴定出新型β-醚酶并彻底表征木质素的价值，从而扩展了有效β-O-4芳基醚键裂解的酶工具箱。鉴于其新兴的重要性和潜力，这篇简短的评论讨论了β-醚酶生物催化领域的最新进展，涵盖了从酶鉴定到真实的木质素样品的生物催化应用的各个方面。
The set-up of biorefineries for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass will be core in the future to reach sustainability targets. In this area, biomass-degrading enzymes are attracting significant research interest for their potential in the production of chemicals and biofuels from renewable feedstock. Glutathione-dependent β-etherases are emerging enzymes for the biocatalytic depolymerization of lignin, a heterogeneous aromatic polymer abundant in nature. They selectively catalyze the reductive cleavage of β-O-4 aryl-ether bonds which account for 45–60% of linkages present in lignin. Hence, application of β-etherases in lignin depolymerization would enable a specific lignin breakdown, selectively yielding (valuable) low-molecular-mass aromatics. Albeit β-etherases have been biochemically known for decades, only very recently novel β-etherases have been identified and thoroughly characterized for lignin valorization, expanding the enzyme toolbox for efficient β-O-4 aryl-ether bond cleavage. Given their emerging importance and potential, this mini-review discusses recent developments in the field of β-etherase biocatalysis covering all aspects from enzyme identification to biocatalytic applications with real lignin samples.