PRONOUNS, NAMES, AND THE CENTERING OF ATTENTION IN DISCOURSE
PRONOUNS, NAMES, AND THE CENTERING OF ATTENTION IN DISCOURSE
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DOI：
10.1207/s15516709cog1703_1
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发表时间：
1993-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
GILLIOM, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GORDON, PC;GROSZ, BJ;GILLIOM, LA
在计算语言学中发展起来的中心理论，解释了话语间指称模式如何促进语篇的局部连贯。它指出，在一个连贯的话语段中的每一个话语包含一个单一的语义实体向后看的中心，它提供了一个链接到前一个话语，和一个有序的实体集向前看的中心，提供潜在的链接到下一个话语。我们报告了五个阅读时间实验，测试预测的条件下，它是最好的实现（指）一个实体使用代词，而不是一个重复的明确的描述或名称的理论。实验表明，有一个单一的向后看的中心，优先实现为代词，向后看的中心通常实现为话语的语法主语。他们还提供了证据表明，有一组前瞻性的中心，排名的突出性，并在决定服从表面的初始位置的一个关键因素，并不影响决定向后看的中心。这为向后看和向前看的连贯性过程的分离提供了证据。
Centering theory, developed within computational linguistics, provides an account of ways in which patterns of interutterance reference can promote the local coherence of discourse. It states that each utterance in a coherent discourse segment contains a single semantic entity-the backward-looking center-that provides a link to the previous utterance, and an ordered set of entities-the forward-looking centers-that offer potential links to the next utterance. We report five reading-time experiments that test predictions of this theory with respect to the conditions under which it is preferable to realize (refer to) an entity using a pronoun rather than a repeated definite description or name. The experiments show that there is a single backward-looking center that is preferentially realized as a pronoun, and that the backward-looking center is typically realized as the grammatical subject of the utterance. They also provide evidence that there is a set of forward-looking centers that is ranked in terms of prominence, and that a key factor in determining prominence-surface-initial position-does not affect determination of the backward-looking center. This provides evidence for the dissociation of the coherence processes of looking backward and looking forward.