Effects of snow compaction ‘yuki-fumi’ on soil frost depth and volunteer potato control in potato?wheat rotation system in Hokkaido
Effects of snow compaction ‘yuki-fumi’ on soil frost depth and volunteer potato control in potato?wheat rotation system in Hokkaido
复制标题
北海道压雪‘yuki-fumi’对土壤霜深的影响以及马铃薯、小麦轮作系统中的志愿者马铃薯控制
DOI：
10.1080/1343943x.2020.1828950
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hirota Tomoyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimoda Seiji;Onodera Masayuki;Okumura Osamu;Araki Hideharu;Kimura Atsushi;Chiba Kentarou;Kusano Yuko;Hoshi Harumitsu;Tamura Shiho;Suda Tatsuya;Kominami Yasuhiro;Nakatsuji Toshiro;Hirota Tomoyoshi
在冬季存活下来的未收获的马铃薯的出现成为线虫和疾病的来源，在轮作农田中造成严重的杂草问题。在此，我们描述了霜冻杀死未收获的马铃薯在马铃薯小麦轮作领域使用雪压实“雪文”在多种气候条件下。2015-16年至2017-18年，在日本北海道的17个农田中验证了积雪压实在控制自愿马铃薯超过冬小麦方面的效果。在“雪文”下土壤温度的降低比在以前的研究中使用的除雪“雪和里”下的土壤温度的降低慢。然而，雪压实实现了志愿者在大多数实验地点的马铃薯发芽大幅减少。在土壤温度低于-3 °C的积雪压实块中，志愿马铃薯的发芽减少。对于在马铃薯-小麦轮作中播种的冬小麦，土壤耕作的深度比其他作物浅，因此，在小麦播种的田间准备期间，未收获的马铃薯块茎不会被推倒。因此，即使土壤温度略有下降，积雪压实可以调节志愿马铃薯的发芽。积雪压实对小麦生长和产量没有明显影响。在一些积雪较深的地点，由于降雪，土壤霜冻和土壤温度降低并没有随着积雪的持续压实而进展。我们验证了积雪压实的有效性，作为一种对策，以控制志愿马铃薯在多雪地区。
Emergence of unharvested potatoes that survived during winter becomes source for nematodes and diseases, causing serious weed problems in rotational crop fields. Herein, we describe frost killing of unharvested potatoes in potato–wheat rotation fields using snow compaction ‘yuki-fumi’ under multiple climate conditions. The effect of snow compaction in controlling volunteer potato over winter wheat was verified in 17 farm fields in Hokkaido, Japan from 2015–16 to 2017–18. A reduction in the temperature of soil under ‘yuki-fumi’ was slower than that under snow removal ‘yuki-wari’, which was used in previous studies. However, snow compaction achieved a substantial reduction in volunteer potato sprouting in most of the experimental sites. The sprouting of volunteer potatoes was reduced in snow-compaction blocks with soil temperatures below −3°C. For winter wheat sowing in potato–wheat rotation, the soil is tilled to a shallower depth than that for other crops, and thus, unharvested potato tubers are not pushed down during field preparation for wheat sowing. Consequently, even if the soil temperature drops slightly, snow compaction can regulate the sprouting of volunteer potatoes. Snow compaction did not exert any apparent influence on wheat growth and grain yield. At some sites with a deeper snowpack, development of soil frost and reduction in soil temperature did not progress with continued snow compaction owing to fallen snow. We validated the usefulness of snow compaction as a countermeasure to control volunteer potatoes in snowy regions.