Age distribution of cases caused by different influenza viruses.
Age distribution of cases caused by different influenza viruses.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70181-6
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发表时间：
2013-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Osterhaus AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rimmelzwaan GF;Fouchier RA;Osterhaus AD
截至2013年5月30日，中国暴发的甲型H7N9禽流感已导致132例人感染流感，其中大部分导致严重疾病，37例死亡。2这些H7N9病毒是低致病性的禽流感病毒。基因片段来自禽源的H9N2病毒，血凝素和神经氨酸酶基因片段分别来自野鸟来源的H7和N9病毒。1在131例报告病例中，71%的患者年龄在50岁以上，3因此，这类患者似乎比年轻人更容易患严重疾病和死亡。4造成这种不成比例的年龄分布的原因在很大程度上是未知的。据推测，老年人接触受感染家禽的风险可能更高，这也可能是受影响的男性多于女性的原因。5然而，许多患者没有报告与家禽有过接触，家禽感染H7N9流感病毒的几率似乎很低，以及同一人群中年轻个体感染甲型H5N1禽流感病毒的几率高于年长个体，所有这些都与这种可能的解释背道而驰。衰老是病毒性呼吸道感染(例如，由流感或严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒引起)的一个重要风险因素，并与免疫功能的变化有关。6在老年人中，这些感染可能会导致
As of May 30, 2013, an outbreak1 of avian influenza A H7N9 virus had caused 132 human cases of influenza in China, most of which resulted in severe disease and 37 of which were fatal. 2 These H7N9 viruses are avian influenza viruses with low pathogenicity. Gene segments are derived from H9N2 viruses of poultry origin and the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase gene segments come from wild-bird origin H7 and N9 viruses, respectively. 1 71% of 131 reported cases have been in individuals older than 50 years, 3 and thus such patients seem more at risk of severe disease and death than are younger individuals. 4 The reasons for this disproportionate age distribution are largely unknown. It has been speculated that older individuals might have higher exposure to infected poultry, which could also be the reason why more men than women are affected. 5 However, many patients did not report contact with poultry, the incidence of H7N9 influenza virus infections in poultry seems very low, and the incidence of avian influenza A H5N1 virus infections was higher in younger than in older individuals within the same population, all of which argue against this possible explanation.Alternatively, elderly people could be more prone to develop severe disease upon infection with avian influenza A H7N9 viruses. Ageing is an important risk factor in viral respiratory tract infections (eg, caused by influenza or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and is associated with changes in immune function. 6 In elderly people, these infections can cause