How to evaluate circularity through an LCA study based on the standards EN 15804 and EN 15978
How to evaluate circularity through an LCA study based on the standards EN 15804 and EN 15978
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如何根据 EN 15804 和 EN 15978 标准通过 LCA 研究评估循环性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Steeman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lisa Van Gulck;L. Wastiels;M. Steeman
EN 15804和EN 15978是计算建筑产品和建筑物环境影响的既定标准。尽管循环式建筑很重要，但许多基于EN 15804/15978的生命周期评估研究并没有针对循环性进行评估。本文旨在研究如何在EN 15804/15978的方法学框架内开展生命周期评价研究，以确定圆形和线性建筑元素对环境的影响。首先，阐明了EN 15804/15978的方法论框架如何考虑不同的循环原则。重点介绍了多次循环和模数D的概念。其次，作为本文的主要目的，分析了在建筑元素的整个生命周期中应该对哪些场景进行建模。重点在于将特征转换和生命周期终结场景合并到特征生命周期场景中，并检查这是否提供了对可能的环境影响的足够洞察力。这一点可以通过对线性和圆形立面系统的LCA研究来说明。在表示生命周期评价研究的结果时，分析了模块D的加入如何改变结果。为了解释“多周期”的概念，作者建议在一个生命周期内考虑多个使用周期(即，转换)，而不是考虑几个生命周期。这是通过B5模块翻新完成的。模块D对于促进生命周期结束时的回收和再利用非常重要。但是，必须谨慎处理模块D的概念，以提供正确的信息。通过仅对有限数量的场景进行建模，可以确定特征生命周期场景，以便更可靠地了解建筑元素可能对环境造成的影响。对于门面系统，所考虑的改造方案更多地取决于其对环境的影响，而不是选择使用寿命结束的方案，特别是在不考虑模块D的情况下。通过建立一项LCA研究，可以评估重要的循环原则并考虑特定的生命周期场景，可以详细了解圆形与线性建筑元素对环境的影响。所提出的方法导致了圆形与线性建筑元素更稳健的生命周期评价研究。
EN 15804 and EN 15978 are the established standards to calculate the environmental impact of building products and buildings. Despite the importance of circular building, many life cycle assessment (LCA) studies based on EN 15804/15978 are not set up to evaluate circularity. This paper aims to research how an LCA study should be developed that can determine the environmental impact of a circular versus a linear building element within the methodological framework of EN 15804/15978. First, it is clarified how the methodological framework of EN 15804/15978 considers different circular principles. There is a particular focus on the concept of multi-cycling and module D. Second, and as the main objective of this paper, it is analyzed which scenarios throughout the lifespan of a building element should be modeled. The focus lies on combining characteristic transformation and end-of-life scenarios into characteristic life cycle scenarios and examining if this provides sufficient insight into the possible environmental impact. This is illustrated by an LCA study of a linear and circular facade system. When representing the results of the LCA study, it is analyzed how the inclusion of module D changes the results. To account for the concept of ‘multi-cycling,’ the authors propose to consider multiple use cycles (i.e., transformations) within one life cycle instead of considering several life cycles. This is done through module B5 Refurbishments. Module D is important to stimulate recycling and reuse at the end of life. However, the concept of module D must be handled with the necessary care to provide correct information. Characteristic life cycle scenarios are determined for a more robust understanding of the possible environmental impact of a building element by modeling only a limited amount of scenarios. For the facade systems, the considered transformation scenarios are more determining for their environmental impact than the choice of end-of-life scenario, especially when module D is not considered. By setting up an LCA study that can evaluate the important circular principles and consider characteristic life cycle scenarios, detailed insight into the environmental impact of circular versus linear building elements can be obtained. The proposed approach leads to more robust LCA studies of circular versus linear building elements.