Response of plant-pollinator communities to fire: changes in diversity, abundance and floral reward structure
Response of plant-pollinator communities to fire: changes in diversity, abundance and floral reward structure
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12186.x
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发表时间：
2003-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
S. Potts;B. Vulliamy;A. Dafni;G. Ne’eman;C. O'toole;Stuart P. M. Roberts;P. Willmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Potts;B. Vulliamy;A. Dafni;G. Ne’eman;C. O'toole;Stuart P. M. Roberts;P. Willmer
在全球范围内，植物传粉者群落受到各种干扰，在许多温带和半干旱系统中，火是主要的结构力量。我们提出了一种新的高度集成的方法，该方法同时量化了传粉者群落、花卉群落和花卉奖励结构对火灾的反应。以色列卡梅尔山是公认的蜜蜂花卉生物多样性热点，利用火灾后不同年龄的栖息地的时间序列，我们跟踪了植物传粉者群落组织的变化，从燃烧后立即到植被完全再生。起初，火灾对这些群落产生了灾难性的影响，然而，恢复很快，花卉和蜜蜂的多样性在火灾后的头两年达到顶峰，随后在接下来的50年里稳步下降。花卉群落的更新与其主要传粉者的更新密切相关。在群落水平上，我们量化了单位栖息地面积的花蜜和花粉饲料的关键参数，已知这些参数对构建传粉者群落非常重要。花蜜体积、花蜜水分含量、花蜜浓度和花蜜觅食生态位的多样性都是火灾后立即最大的，随着更新的进行，花蜜体积、花蜜水分含量、花蜜浓度和花蜜觅食生态位的多样性都在稳步下降。花蜜、花粉、总能量(花蜜+花粉)的能量利用率和花粉对花蜜能量的相对重要性随立地年龄的变化呈现相似的总体下降趋势，但由于花卉资源的高度斑块分布，这种模式不太明显。花卉奖励结构的变化反映了随着火灾后的更新，从一年生植物(通常是低报酬的开放获取花)到多年生植物(主要是高奖励和限制获取的花)的总体转变。火对花卉群落的影响及其相关的奖励对传粉者群落结构有明显的影响，我们讨论了这一点以及其他干扰因素对这些系统的作用。
Globally, plant-pollinator communities are subject to a diverse array of perturbations and in many temperate and semi-arid systems fire is a dominant structuring force. We present a novel and highly integrated approach, which quantifies, in parallel, the response to fire of pollinator communities, floral communities and floral reward structure. Mt Carmel, Israel is a recognised bee-flower biodiversity hotspot, and using a chronosequence of habitats with differing post-fire ages, we follow the changes in plant-pollinator community organisation from immediately following a burn until full regeneration of vegetation. Initially, fire has a catastrophic effect on these communities, however, recovery is rapid with a peak in diversity of both flowers and bees in the first 2 years post-fire, followed by a steady decline over the next 50 years. The regeneration of floral communities is closely matched by that of their principal pollinators. At the community level we quantify, per unit area of habitat, key parameters of nectar and pollen forage known to be of importance in structuring pollinator communities. Nectar Volume, nectar water content, nectar concentration and the diversity of nectar foraging niches are all greatest immediately following fire with a steady decrease as regeneration proceeds. Temporal changes in energy availability for nectar, pollen, total energy (nectar + pollen) and relative importance of pollen to nectar energy show a similar general decline with site age, however, the pattern is less clear owing to the highly patchy distribution of floral resources. Changes in floral reward structure reflect the general shift from annuals (generally low-reward open access flowers) to perennials (mostly high-reward and restricted access flowers) as post-fire regeneration ensues. The impact of fire on floral communities and their associated rewards have clear implications for pollinator community structure and we discuss this and the role of other disturbance factors on these systems.