Patterns of tree species composition across tropical African forests
Patterns of tree species composition across tropical African forests
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DOI：
10.1111/jbi.12382
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Plumptre, Andrew J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fayolle, Adeline;Swaine, Michael D.;Plumptre, Andrew J.
目的在这项研究中，我们确定了热带非洲森林树种组成的大范围差异，并确定了潜在的环境和历史因素。从塞内加尔到莫桑比克的热带森林。方法收集了分布在非洲热带地区的455个样点的1175个树种的分布数据，包括所有类型的热带森林(潮湿、潮湿、干燥和低地至中等海拔的山地森林)。从BIOCLIM数据集中提取的高程值和19个气候变量被分配给每个样点。我们利用对应分析确定了物种组成的变异，并确定了环境相关因素。结果确定了位于艾伯丁裂谷的一个主要的区系间断，将西非和中部非洲(整个几内亚-刚果地区)的干、湿和湿森林与东非的高地和沿海森林隔开。除了艾伯丁裂谷，我们没有发现支持其他植物区系不连续的证据(达荷美裂谷等)。我们在非洲热带森林中发现了两个主要的环境梯度。降雨量梯度与西非和中非树种组成的变化密切相关。海拔/温度梯度突出了东非内部以及东非和几内亚-刚果地区之间的主要植物区系差异，后者最有可能是由于东非隆起的地质破坏和相关的气候历史。主要结论我们发现了热带非洲森林中三个主要生物地理区的区系证据，并描述了这些地区具有特殊环境条件的六个区系集群：东非的沿海和高地，西非的干湿和湿润，以及中部非洲的潮湿和潮湿。
AimIn this study we identified large-scale variation in tree species composition across tropical African forests and determined the underlying environmental and historical factors.LocationTropical forests from Senegal to Mozambique.MethodsDistribution data were gathered for 1175 tree species in 455 sample sites scattered across tropical Africa, including all types of tropical forests (wet, moist, dry, and lowland to moderate elevation montane forests). The value of elevation and 19 climatic variables extracted from the BIOCLIM data set were assigned to each sample site. We determined the variation in species composition using correspondence analysis and identified the environmental correlates. We defined floristic clusters according to species composition and identified the characteristic species using indicator analysis.ResultsWe identified a major floristic discontinuity located at the Albertine rift that separated the dry, moist and wet forests of West and Central Africa (the entire Guineo-Congolian Region) from the upland and coastal forests of East Africa. Except for the Albertine Rift, we found no evidence to support the other proposed floristic discontinuities (Dahomey Gap etc.). We detected two main environmental gradients across tropical African forests. The rainfall gradient was strongly correlated with the variation in tree species composition in West and Central Africa. The elevation/temperature gradient highlighted the major floristic differences within East Africa and between East Africa and the Guineo-Congolian Region, the latter being most probably due to the geological disruption and associated climatic history of the East African uplift.Main conclusionsWe found floristic evidence for three main biogeographical regions across the tropical African forests, and described six floristic clusters with particular environmental conditions within these regions: Coastal and Upland for East Africa, Dry and Wet-Moist for West Africa, and Moist and Wet for Central Africa.