The triple argon isotope composition of groundwater on ten-thousand-year timescales

The triple argon isotope composition of groundwater on ten-thousand-year timescales
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万年时间尺度地下水的三重氩同位素组成

DOI:
10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120458
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.
Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Seltzer, Alan M.;Krantz, John A.;Ng, Jessica;Danskin, Wesley R.;Bekaert, David V.;Barry, Peter H.;Kimbrough, David L.;Kulongoski, Justin T.;Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.

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了解地下水的年龄和运动对于预测威尔斯对污染的脆弱性、约束为可持续地下水管理提供信息的流动模型以及解释反映过去气候的地球化学信号都很重要。由于地下水的普遍存在和其对末次冰期气候重建的重要性,在这个时间尺度上改进地球化学测年工具是非常必要的。虽然溶解无机碳和溶解氦的14 C是晚更新世地下水的常见年龄示踪剂,但它们都受到与含水层组成和岩性以及水-岩相互作用程度相关的系统不确定性的限制。原则上,地下水中的放射性40 Ar来自含水层矿物中40 K的衰变,对某些影响14 C和4 He的过程不敏感,因此是一种有用的、互补的年龄示踪剂。然而,在实践中,地下水中显著的放射性40 Ar信号的检测仅限于极古老的地下水(>100 ka)的少数研究。本文首次对地下水中的三重Ar同位素(~(40)Ar、~(38)Ar、~(36)Ar)进行了高精度(<1‰)测量。我们介绍了一个模型,区分radiogenic 40 Ar从atmosphic 40 Ar通过使用非放射性Ar同位素(36 Ar,38 Ar),以纠正质量相关分馏。使用这个模型,我们调查了放射性40 Ar过剩(Δ 40 Ar)在整个加州(美国)36个威尔斯收集的58个地下水样品的变化。我们发现,Δ 40 Ar的范围从~0‰(预期的最小值)+4.2‰在弗雷斯诺,圣地亚哥和西部莫哈韦沙漠附近的三个研究领域。根据圣地亚哥23口科学监测威尔斯井的测量结果,我们发现Δ 40 Ar对含水层岩性有很强的依赖性。研究表明,Δ 40 Ar主要受含钾矿物风化作用的控制,反映了地下水-岩石相互作用的程度(与地下水年龄有关)和不同地质层位的综合流量。晚更新世地下水的未来研究可能受益于高精度的三重Ar同位素测量作为一种新的工具,以更好地解释14 C-和4 He为基础的地下水年龄和流量的限制。
Understanding the age and movement of groundwater is important for predicting the vulnerability of wells to contamination, constraining flow models that inform sustainable groundwater management, and interpreting geochemical signals that reflect past climate. Due to both the ubiquity of groundwater with order ten-thousand-year residence times and its importance for climate reconstruction of the last glacial period, there is a strong need for improving geochemical dating tools on this timescale. Whereas14C of dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved4He are common age tracers for Late Pleistocene groundwater, each is limited by systematic uncertainties related to aquifer composition and lithology, and the extent of water-rock interaction. In principle, radiogenic40Ar in groundwater acquired from decay of40K in aquifer minerals should be insensitive to some processes that impact14C and4He and thus represent a useful, complementary age tracer. In practice, however, detection of significant radiogenic40Ar signals in groundwater has been limited to a small number of studies of extremely old groundwater (>100 ka). Here we present the first high-precision (<1‰) measurements of triple Ar isotopes (40Ar,38Ar,36Ar) in groundwater. We introduce a model that distinguishes radiogenic40Ar from atmospheric40Ar by using the non-radiogenic Ar isotopes (36Ar,38Ar) to correct for mass-dependent fractionation. Using this model, we investigate variability in radiogenic40Ar excess (Δ40Ar) across 58 groundwater samples collected from 36 wells throughout California (USA). We find that Δ40Ar ranges from ~0‰ (the expected minimum value) to +4.2‰ across three study areas near Fresno, San Diego, and the western Mojave Desert. Based on measurements from a network of 23 scientific monitoring wells in San Diego, we find evidence for a strong dependence of Δ40Ar on aquifer lithology. We suggest that Δ40Ar is fundamentally controlled by the weathering of old K-bearing minerals and thus reflects both the degree of groundwater-rock interaction, which is related to groundwater age, and the integrated flow through different geological formations. Future studies of Late Pleistocene groundwater may benefit from high-precision triple Ar isotope measurements as a new tool to better interpret14C- and4He-based constraints on groundwater age and flow.
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