Food intakes, energy expenditures and faecal excretions of men on a polar expedition
Food intakes, energy expenditures and faecal excretions of men on a polar expedition
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极地探险男性的食物摄入量、能量消耗和粪便排泄
DOI：
10.1079/bjn19570055
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发表时间：
1957
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
E. Widdowson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Masterton;H. E. Lewis;E. Widdowson
英国北格陵兰探险队（刘易斯和马斯特顿，1955年a，B）提供了一个研究寒冷环境中男性食物摄入和能量消耗的机会。探险队由25人组成，于1952年7月8日离开伦敦，在距离北极约800英里的山脉和冰川的未开发地区度过2年。他们的探险包括一项地质和地形调查，涉及相当大的旅行，这是由狗拉雪橇完成的。多年来，到极地旅行的游客一直报告说，哈士奇狗吃人的粪便（Bertelsen，1929 ;罗森达尔，1954）。我们证实了这一观察结果，并导致了目前的调查。雪橇口粮通常含有高比例的脂肪，这可能导致粪便中脂肪排泄异常高，这可能是狗习惯的生理原因。这项调查是与英国北格陵兰探险队的其他生理学工作一起进行的，（刘易斯&马斯特顿，1955 a，B），可以分为五个标题：（1）四名男子雪橇时的饮食摄入记录;（2）这些人在基地小屋生活时两次饮食摄入记录;（3）估计四个人在雪橇和基地生活时的能量消耗;（4）分析其中两个人在雪橇时粪便中的氮和脂肪;（5）估计狗的卡路里摄入量，以及人类粪便的贡献。
The British North Greenland Expedition (Lewis & Masterton, 1955a, b) provided an opportunity to study the food intake and energy expenditure of men in a cold environment. The expedition, consisting of twenty-five men, left London on 8 July 1952 to spend 2 years in an unexplored area of mountains and glaciers situated some 800 miles from the North Pole. Their explorations included a geological and topographical survey involving considerable travelling, which was done by dog sledge. For many years it has been reported by travellers to polar regions that husky dogs eat human faeces (Bertelsen, 1929 ; Rosendahl, 1954). This observation was confirmed by us and led to the present investigations. Sledging rations generally contain a high proportion of fat, which it was suggested might lead to an abnormally high excretion of fat in the faeces, which might be a physiological reason for the habits of the dogs. The investigation now reported, carried out in association with the rest of the physiological work of the British North Greenland Expedition (Lewis & Masterton, 1955 a, b), can be classified under five headings : (I) a record of the dietary intake of four men while sledging; (2) a record of these men's dietary intake on two occasions while living at the base hut; (3) an estimate of the energy expenditure of the four men while sledging and living at base; (4) an analysis of the nitrogen and fat in the faeces of two of the men while sledging; ( 5 ) an estimate of the calorie intake of the dogs, and the contribution of human faeces to it.