Associations among maternal socioeconomic status in childhood and pregnancy and hair cortisol in pregnancy
Associations among maternal socioeconomic status in childhood and pregnancy and hair cortisol in pregnancy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.017
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wright, Rosalind J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Enlow, Michelle Bosquet;Sideridis, Georgios;Wright, Rosalind J.
母胎下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPAA）失调已被假设为对各种后代的身心健康结果产生负面影响。有限的数据表明，低产妇的社会经济地位（SES）在怀孕期间可能会破坏产妇HPAA功能。鉴于有证据表明早期生活逆境可能对生理应激反应产生持续影响，因此需要进行研究，探讨母亲童年时期的SES如何影响母亲怀孕期间的HPAA功能。在343个社会人口统计学上不同的妇女的样本中，我们测试了生命历程SES指数是否与HPAA功能在整个怀孕期间反映在分娩后一周内收集的头发皮质醇。母亲们被问及他们的父母是否在从出生到青春期的三个发展时期拥有自己的房子，作为他们童年社会经济地位的指标。母亲SES在怀孕期间的措施包括母亲的教育程度，家庭年收入，目前的住房拥有率。分析表明，母亲在儿童时期和怀孕期间的SES较低的指标与每个三个月期间的皮质醇水平较高有关。在分析调整了母亲的种族/民族，孕前体重指数，吸烟在怀孕期间，使用吸入和局部皮质类固醇，和分娩方式，每一个指标的母亲SES在怀孕期间完全介导的母亲儿童SES对母亲头发皮质醇水平的影响。这是第一项研究表明母亲生命历程SES和怀孕期间头发皮质醇之间的联系。研究结果表明，母亲SES，从童年开始，可能有代际的后果，通过中断母胎HPAA在怀孕。这些发现对阐明造成社会经济弱势群体健康差异的机制具有重要意义。
Dysregulation of the maternal-fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) has been hypothesized to negatively influence various offspring physical and mental health outcomes. Limited data suggest that low maternal socioeconomic status (SES) in pregnancy may disrupt maternal HPAA functioning. Research is needed that examines how maternal SES in childhood may influence maternal HPAA functioning in pregnancy, given evidence that early life adversity can have persistent effects on physiological stress reactivity. In a sample of 343 sociodemographically diverse women, we tested whether indices of life course SES were associated with HPAA functioning across pregnancy reflected in hair cortisol collected within one week after delivery. Mothers were asked whether their parent(s) owned their home across three developmental periods, from birth through adolescence, as an indicator of their childhood SES. Measures of maternal SES in pregnancy included maternal educational attainment, annual household income, and current homeownership. Analyses revealed that indicators of lower maternal SES in childhood and in pregnancy were associated with higher cortisol levels during each trimester. In analyses adjusted for maternal race/ethnicity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, smoking in pregnancy, use of inhaled and topical corticosteroids, and mode of delivery, each indicator of maternal SES in pregnancy fully mediated maternal childhood SES effects on maternal hair cortisol levels in pregnancy. This is the first study to show an association between maternal life course SES and hair cortisol in pregnancy. The results suggest that maternal SES, starting in childhood, may have intergenerational consequences via disruption to the maternal-fetal HPAA in pregnancy. These findings have implications for elucidating mechanisms contributing to health disparities among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.