The critical importance of considering fire in REDD+ programs
The critical importance of considering fire in REDD+ programs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2012.03.034
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Cochrane, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barlow, Jos;Parry, Luke;Cochrane, Mark A.
由于依赖火灾的农业扩大、支离破碎、密集伐木做法和严重干旱，火灾对潮湿热带地区森林退化的影响越来越大。然而，这些森林火灾在很大程度上被减少森林砍伐和退化所致排放（REDD+）谈判所忽视。本文件探讨了森林火灾如何影响降排加计划：损害碳的持久性;破坏热带国家可持续森林管理以及重新造林和再生活动的潜力;威胁降排加可产生的额外惠益，包括生物多样性保护和农村减贫。如果狭隘地侧重于避免毁林，森林的可持续管理或再生计划并不总是能保证不发生火灾，对热带森林的投资可能最终无法实现长期减排，除非这些投资也能减少森林火灾的风险。将减少森林火灾纳入降排+提出了许多挑战，需要：改变在剩余森林之外进行的农业做法;监测和预测整个生物群落森林火灾的时空模式;保证额外性;避免依赖火灾的农业出现渗漏;确保公平分配火灾管理责任;保护农村生计;任何新的活动都能为当地人民带来积极的成果。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Fires are increasingly responsible for forest degradation in the humid tropics due to the expansion of fire-dependent agriculture, fragmentation, intensive logging practices and severe droughts. However, these forest fires have been largely overlooked by negotiations for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+). This paper examines how forest fires affect REDD+ schemes by compromising carbon permanence; undermining the potential of sustainable forest management and reforestation and regeneration activities in tropical countries; and threatening the additional benefits that can be accrued from REDD+, including biodiversity conservation and rural poverty alleviation. Narrowly focusing on avoiding deforestation, the sustainable management of forests or regeneration schemes will not always guarantee protection from fire occurrence, and investments in tropical forests may ultimately fail to achieve long-term emission reductions unless they also reduce the risk of forest fires. Integrating forest fire reduction into REDD+ presents many challenges, requiring: changes in agricultural practices that take place outside of the remaining forests; the monitoring and prediction of spatio-temporal patterns of forest fires across whole biomes; guarantees of additionality; avoiding leakage of fire-dependent agriculture; ensuring that responsibilities for fire management are fairly distributed; protection for rural livelihoods; and that any new activities result in positive outcomes for local people. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.