Multiparameter radar and in situ aircraft observation of graupel and hail
Multiparameter radar and in situ aircraft observation of graupel and hail
复制标题
霰和冰雹的多参数雷达和飞机现场观测
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
W. Strapp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. El;V. Chandrasekar;V. Bringi;W. Strapp
结合原位水凝物采样记录同步多参数雷达降水观测结果对于解释多参数雷达观测结果非常重要。使用机载探头进行现场观察是收集此类数据的最佳方法之一。由于飞行环境恶劣，且大颗粒物浓度低、采样困难，对流风暴中冰雹和霰弹的现场观测十分复杂。本文介绍了同步多参数雷达观测和对流风暴中湿冰雹和霰的现场样本的首批观测结果之一。由于飞机样本和雷达扫描之间的良好协调以及相对较大的飞机数据样本量，这些观测结果是独一无二的。霰和湿冰雹中记录了多参数雷达观测结果（即反射率、差分反射率、线性去极化比、共极相关系数和特定微分相位）。观测结果表明，线性退偏比和共极相关测量与反射率水平相结合，可用于区分霰和冰雹。通过比较雷达和现场观测，开发了一个简单的程序来估计霰和湿冰雹的平均堆积密度。
Documenting simultaneous multiparameter radar observations of precipitation in conjunction with in situ hydrometeor sampling is important for the interpretation of multiparameter radar observations. In situ observation using aircraft-mounted probes is one of the best ways to collect such data. In situ observation of hail and graupel in convective storms is complicated due to adverse environment of flight and low concentration of large particles that are difficult to sample. This paper presents one of the first observations of simultaneous multiparameter radar observations and in situ samples of wet hail and graupel in convective storms. The observations are unique because of the excellent coordination between aircraft samples and radar scanning, as well as relatively large sample volumes of aircraft data. Multiparameter radar observations (namely reflectivity, differential reflectivity, linear depolarization ratio, copolar correlation coefficient, and specific differential phase) are documented in graupel and wet hail. The observations indicate that the linear depolarization ratio and copolar correlation measurements, in conjunction with reflectivity levels, can be used to distinguish between graupel and hail. A simple procedure is developed to estimate the average bulk density of graupel and wet hail, comparing radar and in situ observations.