A Pine Is a Pine and a Spruce Is a Spruce--The Effect of Tree Species and Stand Age on Epiphytic Lichen Communities.
A Pine Is a Pine and a Spruce Is a Spruce--The Effect of Tree Species and Stand Age on Epiphytic Lichen Communities.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0147004
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Thor G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bäcklund S;Jönsson M;Strengbom J;Frisch A;Thor G
随着对森林产品的需求日益增加，人们越来越有兴趣在森林管理中引进快速生长的非本地树种。这种引进往往对原生森林生物多样性产生未知的后果。在这项研究中，我们研究了附生地衣物种丰富度和物种组成的树干上的非本地的扭叶松和比较这些本地的樟子松和云杉在管理的北方森林在北方瑞典的年龄段的时序。总的来说，我们记录了66,209地衣发生属于57个物种在96个研究的林分。结果表明，扭叶云杉林分和欧洲云杉林分的地衣物种丰富度差异不大，但冷杉林分的地衣总物种丰富度较高。冷杉林地衣物种丰富度随林龄的增加而降低，扭叶冷杉和樟子松的地衣物种丰富度则不受林龄的影响。地衣物种组成逐步分歧，随着林分年龄的增加，并在30岁的立场，所有三个树种表现出种特异性组合。30年生扭叶云杉林分的附生地衣群落受较大的断面积、郁闭度和平均胸径的影响，冷杉林分受较大的分支密度和郁闭度的影响，樟子松林分受较大的树皮裂缝深度的影响。地衣物种丰富度和组成的差异主要由树冠郁闭度和栖息地可用性解释，成熟冷杉林的树冠郁闭度较大，促进了杯状地衣物种的定殖和生长。研究结果表明，非原生扭叶松与原生樟子松具有相似的物种丰富度。地衣物种丰富度和组成的主要差异是冷杉和松属之间。在瑞典北部的森林里。
With an increasing demand for forest-based products, there is a growing interest in introducing fast-growing non-native tree species in forest management. Such introductions often have unknown consequences for native forest biodiversity. In this study, we examine epiphytic lichen species richness and species composition on the trunks of non-native Pinus contorta and compare these to the native Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies in managed boreal forests in northern Sweden across a chronosequence of age classes. Overall, we recorded a total of 66,209 lichen occurrences belonging to 57 species in the 96 studied forest stands. We found no difference in species richness of lichens between stands of P. contorta and P. sylvestris, but stands of P. abies had higher total species richness. However, species richness of lichens in stands of P. abies decreased with increasing stand age, while no such age effect was detected for P. contorta and P. sylvestris. Lichen species composition progressively diverged with increasing stand age, and in 30-year-old stands all three tree species showed species-specific assemblages. Epiphytic lichen assemblages in stands of 30-year-old P. contorta were influenced by greater basal area, canopy closure, and average diameter at breast height, P. abies stands by higher branch density and canopy closure, and stands of P. sylvestris by greater bark crevice depth. Differences in lichen species richness and composition were mainly explained by canopy closure and habitat availability, and the greater canopy closure in mature P. abies stands promoted the colonization and growth of calicioid lichen species. Our results indicate that the non-native P. contorta have similar species richness as the native P. sylvestris. The main difference in lichen species richness and composition is between P. abies and Pinus spp. in managed forests of boreal Sweden.