Policies for the enforcement of Wildlife laws : the balance between detection and penalties in Luangwa Valley, Zambia
Policies for the enforcement of Wildlife laws : the balance between detection and penalties in Luangwa Valley, Zambia
复制标题
野生动物法的执行政策:赞比亚卢安瓜谷的发现与处罚之间的平衡
DOI:
10.1046/j.1523-1739.1993.07030611.x
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发表时间:
1993
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
E. Milner‐Gulland
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
N. Leader‐Williams;E. Milner‐Gulland
Models have shown that levels of law enforcement in Luangwa Valley, Zambia, during the 1980s were not adequate to prevent illegal exploitation of black rhinos and African elephants. Theory suggests that the deterrent effect of an increase in detection rate will be larger than that of a similar increase in penalty. The most effective penalty, in economic terms, would be a variable fine related to the number of illegal trophies harvested, but this may be hard to legislate effectively. Wildlife managers conserving rhinos and elephants should focus on improving detection rates rather than on requesting severe penalties with no improvements in detection.
Los modelos han demostrado que los niveles de cumplimiento de la ley en el valle de Luangwa, Zambia, durante los anos 1980s no fueron adecuados para prevenir la explotacion ilegal de rinocerontes negros y elefantes africanos. La teoria sugiere que los efectos disuasivos de un incremento en la tasa de deteccion podrian ser mayores que aquellos de un similar incremento en penalidad. La penalidad mas efectiva, en terminos economicos, seria una multa variable en relacion al numero de trofeos ilegales recolectados, pero esta medida resulta dificil de legislar efectivamente. Aquellos que se dedican al manejo de la vida silvestre para la conservacion de los rinocerontes y elefantes deberian concentrarse en mejorar las tasas de deteccion en lugar de solicitar severas penas sin mejoras en la deteccion.