Aphanodactylidae, a new family of thoracotreme crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) symbiotic with polychaete worms
Aphanodactylidae, a new family of thoracotreme crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) symbiotic with polychaete worms
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Aphanodactylidae，与多毛类蠕虫共生的胸甲蟹新科（甲壳纲：Brachyura）
DOI：
10.11646/zootaxa.2289.1.3
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Ng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ahyong;P. Ng
豌豆蟹科（Pinnotheridae De Haan）的豌豆蟹，1833年，传统上是基于它们简化的外部形态，改良的第三上颌足动物，以及与无脊椎动物（通常是双壳类软体动物）生活在一起的一般习惯而被识别的。最近对平鼻甲科的形态学和分子研究表明，它不是传统上认为的一个自然类群。Asthenognathinae Stimpson亚科，1858年，实际上属于Varunidae H. Milne Edwards， 1853年，tritodynamiae Stev亚科，2005年，是Macrophthalmidae Dana的一部分，1851年。然而，有几个“pinnotherid”属，表面上与asthenognathines相似，与Aphanodactylus Tesch（1918）有亲缘关系，似乎形成了一个独立的类群，但缺乏Pinnotheridae的主要近亲，即高度修饰的maxilliped 3。此外，无肢动物及其近亲与任何目前公认的胸肢动物家族没有共同的突触形态。因此，本文为Aphanodactylus （Gandoa Kammerer, 2006）、Uruma Naruse （Fujita & Ng, 2009）和Gustavus mecognathus （Gustavus mecognathus）建立了一个新的科（Aphanodactylidae）。无肢动物（已知的地方）与terebellid多毛类蠕虫共生，并共享短，粗大，活动腿，具有至少一些活动腿的坐柄的屈肌边缘内衬的一个或多个刺；一排远端屈肌棘，位于与爪状指趾相对的活动足上；非常短的活动短指，不到各自足部长度的一半；还有明显的两性二态性，雌性明显比雄性宽。隐足动物科的系统发育位置尚未确定，但第三颌足动物的形态和雄性性腺孔的位置表明它可能属于平足动物总科，暂定为平足动物总科。每个属的无齿蕨科的诊断和说明，并提供了一个关键的属。
The pea crabs of the family Pinnotheridae De Haan, 1833, have traditionally been recognised on the basis of their simplified external morphology, modified third maxillipeds, and general habit of living in association with invertebrate hosts, usually bivalve molluscs. Recent morphological and molecular studies of Pinnotheridae show that it is not a natural group as traditionally conceived. The subfamily Asthenognathinae Stimpson, 1858, actually belongs in the Varunidae H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and the subfamily Tritodynamiinae Stev i , 2005, is part of the Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851. However, several ‘pinnotherid’ genera that are superficially similar to asthenognathines and allied to Aphanodactylus Tesch, 1918, appear to form a discrete group, but lack the chief synapomorphy of Pinnotheridae, namely, the highly modified maxilliped 3. Moreover, Aphanodactylus and allies do not share synapomorphies with of any presently recognised thoracotreme family. A new family, Aphanodactylidae, is therefore established for Aphanodactylus, Gandoa Kammerer, 2006, Uruma Naruse, Fujita & Ng, 2009, and a new genus and species described herein, Gustavus mecognathus. Aphanodactylids (where known) are symbiotic with terebellid polychaete worms and share short, stout, ambulatory legs with one or more spines lining the flexor margins of the ischiomeri of at least some of the ambulatory legs; a row of distal flexor spines on the ambulatory propodi opposing a claw-like dactylus; very short ambulatory dactyli that are less than half the respective propodus length; and marked sexual dimorphism in which the female is distinctly wider than the male. The phylogenetic position of Aphanodactylidae remains to be determined but the morphology of the third maxillipeds and the position of the male gonopore suggests that it may belong in the Pinnotheroidea, to which it is tentatively assigned. Each genus of the Aphanodactylidae is diagnosed and illustrated, and a key to the genera provided.