BEYOND CARRIER PROTEINS Evolution of the visual cycle: the role of retinoid-binding proteins

BEYOND CARRIER PROTEINS Evolution of the visual cycle: the role of retinoid-binding proteins
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超越载体蛋白视觉周期的进化:类维生素A结合蛋白的作用

DOI:
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发表时间:
2002
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
F. Gonzalez‐Fernandez
F. Gonzalez‐Fernandez
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
F. Gonzalez‐Fernandez

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类维生素A在视网膜中的运输代表了一个模型,研究在一个复杂的系统中的可溶性蛋白结合蛋白的深刻的进化适应。尽管这是一个趋同进化的显著例证,但所有的视觉系统都以同样的方式检测光线,即通过11-顺式维甲酸光异构化为相应的反式异构体。这两个系统之间的显著不同之处在于11-顺式发色团的重组机制和视觉色素在称为视觉循环的过程中的再生机制。周期的变化解决了类维生素A本身固有的问题。也就是说,使这些分子适合于光检测的性质也解释了它们对氧化和异构降解以及细胞毒性的敏感性。因此,该周期提供了一个机会来研究可溶性激素结合蛋白在整合和进化背景下的作用。本文综述了光感受器间类维生素A结合蛋白(IRBP),一种有争议的糖脂蛋白,它募集了C末端加工蛋白酶和巴豆酸酶家族共有的蛋白质折叠。这种非正统的类维生素A结合蛋白被截留在那些眼睛的视网膜下室中,这些眼睛在光感受器和视网膜色素上皮之间转位视觉周期类维生素A。最近的研究表明,如果我们要理解IRBP在视觉周期中的作用,我们应该超越严格的载体功能。在这里,我们从其他可溶性蛋白结合蛋白中吸取教训,以预测未来研究的途径,可能会提供对IRBP在视觉中的结构和功能的深入了解。
The trafficking of retinoids in the retina represents a model to study soluble hormone-binding proteins in a complex system subject to profound evolutionary adaptations. Although a remarkable illustration of convergent evolution, all visual systems detect light in the same way, that is through the photoisomerization of an 11-cis retinoid to a corresponding trans isomer. What is strikingly different between the systems, is the mechanism by which the 11-cis chromophore is reformed and visual pigment regenerated in a process known as the visual cycle. The variations of the cycle address a problem inherent to retinoids themselves. That is, the properties that make these molecules suited for light detection also account for their susceptibility to oxidative and isomeric degradation, and cellular toxicity. The cycle therefore provides an opportunity to examine the role of soluble hormonebinding proteins within an integrative and evolutionary context. The present review focuses on interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), a controversial glycolipoprotein that recruits a protein fold common to Cterminal-processing proteases and the crotonase family. This unorthodox retinoid-binding protein is entrapped in the subretinal compartment of those eyes that translocate visual cycle retinoids between the photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium. Recent studies suggest that we should look beyond a strictly carrier function if we are to appreciate the role of IRBP in the visual cycle. Here we draw lessons from other soluble hormone-binding proteins to anticipate avenues of future research likely to provide insight into the structure and function of IRBP in vision.
与硫氧还蛋白融合的功能性光感受器间类维生素A结合蛋白模块在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达:维生素A结合区与C端加工蛋白酶的保守结构域的相关性。
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