Environmental factors unveil dormant developmental capacities in multipotent progenitors of the trunk neural crest
Environmental factors unveil dormant developmental capacities in multipotent progenitors of the trunk neural crest
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.09.030
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Dupin, Elisabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coelho-Aguiar, Juliana M.;Le Douarin, Nicole M.;Dupin, Elisabeth
神经嵴（NC）是脊椎动物胚胎的外胚层衍生结构，产生黑素细胞、大部分外周神经系统和颅面间充质组织（即，结缔组织、骨、软骨和脂肪细胞）。在羊膜动物的躯干中，没有来自NC的间充质组织。然而，在某些体外条件下，禽类和鼠类躯干NC细胞（TNCC）显示出有限的间充质分化能力。这种能力是来自承诺的前体还是来自多能跨国公司，尚不得而知。在这里，我们进一步研究了TNCC在体外发育成间充质细胞类型的潜力。我们发现，事实上，鹌鹑TNCC表现出很高的能力，分化成肌成纤维细胞，软骨细胞，载脂脂肪细胞和矿化成骨细胞。在单细胞培养中，间充质细胞和神经细胞类型共存于TNCC克隆后代中：78%的单细胞产生成骨细胞以及神经胶质细胞和神经元;此外，TNCC产生具有脂肪细胞、肌成纤维细胞、黑素细胞和/或神经胶质细胞的异源克隆。因此，类似于头部NCC，早期迁移性TNC包括能够产生间充质和黑素细胞/神经衍生物的多能祖细胞，这表明NC发育潜力沿着神经轴的连续性。TNC的骨骼生成能力，这是目前在外骨骼盔甲灭绝的基础形式的脊椎动物和现存硬骨鱼的远端鳍射线坚持，因此并没有完全消失在脊椎动物进化。TNC的间充质潜能，虽然在发育过程中没有实现，但仍然存在于羊膜动物中的休眠状态，并且可以在体外培养中公开。这些潜力是否没有在体内表达，由于抑制性线索的存在下，或在躯干环境中的许可因素的缺乏仍有待了解。(C)2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The neural crest (NC), an ectoderm-derived structure of the vertebrate embryo, gives rise to the melanocytes, most of the peripheral nervous system and the craniofacial mesenchymal tissues (i.e., connective, bone, cartilage and fat cells). In the trunk of Amniotes, no mesenchymal tissues are derived from the NC. In certain in vitro conditions however, avian and murine trunk NC cells (TNCCs) displayed a limited mesenchymal differentiation capacity. Whether this capacity originates from committed precursors or from multipotent TNCCs was unknown. Here, we further investigated the potential of TNCCs to develop into mesenchymal cell types in vitro. We found that, in fact, quail TNCCs exhibit a high ability to differentiate into myofibroblasts, chondrocytes, lipid-laden adipocytes and mineralizing osteoblasts. In single cell cultures, both mesenchymal and neural cell types coexisted in TNCC clonal progeny: 78% of single cells yielded osteoblasts together with glial cells and neurons; moreover, TNCCs generated heterogenous clones with adipocytes, myofibroblasts, melanocytes and/or glial cells. Therefore, alike cephalic NCCs, early migratory TNCCs comprised multipotent progenitors able to generate both mesenchymal and melanocytic/neural derivatives, suggesting a continuum in NC developmental potentials along the neural axis. The skeletogenic capacity of the TNC, which was present in the exoskeletal armor of the extinct basal forms of Vertebrates and which persisted in the distal fin rays of extant teleost fish, thus did not totally disappear during vertebrate evolution. Mesenchymal potentials of the TNC, although not fulfilled during development, are still present in a dormant state in Amniotes and can be disclosed in in vitro culture. Whether these potentials are not expressed in vivo due to the presence of inhibitory cues or to the lack of permissive factors in the trunk environment remains to be understood. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.