Climatic controls on soil and saprock nitrogen distribution and persistence in the Sierra Nevada
Climatic controls on soil and saprock nitrogen distribution and persistence in the Sierra Nevada
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气候对内华达山脉土壤和土层氮分布和持久性的控制
DOI：
10.1002/jpln.202200218
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moreland, Kimber C.;Barnes, Morgan E.;O'Geen, Anthony;Dove, Nicholas;Hart, Stephen C.;Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw
背景氮是土壤中重要的营养元素，对植物生长、大气二氧化碳的陆地固存和有机化合物的持久性具有重要的调节作用。然而，主要的知识差距仍然是关于气候变化如何可能会影响N积累和持久性，特别是在深层土壤和腐岩（脆弱的弱风化基岩）AimsOur的目标是了解气候如何影响土壤和腐岩中的N积累，气候如何影响土壤N分布，持久性和N持久性机制。我们估计了氮的持久性沿着生物气候序列的网站范围从低海拔橡树萨凡纳草原，中海拔松栎/针叶混交林，高海拔亚高山森林在南部山脉内华达州在加州。放射性碳和元素组成测量的组合沿着与一阶动力学model.ResultsThe在散装土壤和密度分数的N浓度随深度下降，有一个相对较大的矿物相关的重馏分（HF）N在更深的样品。冷/湿混合针叶林网站举行了37%的剖面N在腐岩，这是大于整个土壤剖面在干燥/热橡树萨凡纳草原。土壤中的大部分氮，这是在HF中，不受气候代用指标测试。然而，未受保护的和封闭的N组分的强烈影响的气候。土壤氮平均停留时间（MRT）表明，干燥/炎热的气候有一个较短的MRT，相比，中海拔的网站与凉爽/潮湿的climate.ConclusionsThe气候对深层腐岩N存储的影响可能是间接的，主要是通过气候对腐岩厚度的影响。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，矿物相关的HF N库不会受到气候变化的影响，并将继续为持久的土壤N库做出贡献。总初级生产力和年平均降水量可以解释的表土和底土的未保护和闭塞的N，表明气候的变化可以影响N分配。储存在深层土壤和腐岩中的N可能比储存在干燥/炎热气候中的N更不易受气候影响，而深层储存的N较少。深入了解陆地生态系统对气候的反应至关重要。
BackgroundNitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient in soil that regulates plant growth, terrestrial sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and persistence of organic compounds. However, major knowledge gaps remain about how climate change may impact N accumulation and persistence, especially in deep soil and saprock (friable weakly weathered bedrock).AimsOur objective was to understand how climate impacts the accumulation of N in soil and saprock and how climate impacts soil N distribution, persistence, and mechanisms of N persistence.MethodsWe investigated N concentration in bulk soil and density fractions. We estimated N persistence along a bio‐climatic sequence—sites range from a low‐elevation oak savannah, mid‐elevation pine‐oak/mixed‐conifer forest, to a high‐elevation subalpine forest—in the southern Sierra Nevada in California. A combination of radiocarbon and elemental composition measurements along with a first‐order kinetic model was used.ResultsThe N concentration in the bulk soil and density fractions declined with depth, and there was a relatively greater mineral‐associated heavy fraction (HF) N in deeper samples. The cooler/wetter mixed conifer site held 37% of profile N in saprock, which was greater than that of the entire soil profile at the drier/hotter oak savannah. The majority of N in soil, which was in the HF, was not influenced by climate proxies tested. However, both unprotected and occluded fractions of N were strongly influenced by climate. Soil N mean residence time (MRT) showed that drier/hotter climates have a shorter MRT, compared to mid‐elevation sites with cooler/wetter climates.ConclusionsThe effect of climate on deep saprock N storage might be indirect, primarily through climatic influence on the thickness of saprock. Overall, our findings suggest the mineral‐associated HF N pool will not be vulnerable to changes in climate and will continue to contribute to the persistent soil N pool. The amount of topsoil and subsoil unprotected and occluded N can be explained by gross primary productivity and mean annual precipitation indicating that changes in climate can influence N partitioning. N stored in deep soil and saprock may be less vulnerable to climate than N stored in drier/hotter climates with less deeply stored N. It is critical to dig deeper to understand terrestrial ecosystems’ response to climate.
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