Retinal damage by light in rats.
Retinal damage by light in rats.
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发表时间：
1966-10
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通讯作者：
W. Noell;Virgil S. Walker;B. Kang;Steven Berman
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作者：
W. Noell;Virgil S. Walker;B. Kang;Steven Berman
根据不同的实验条件，强光照射不到1小时或长达2天，对实验大鼠的视网膜有不可逆的影响。未麻醉和不受约束的动物被暴露在由绿色滤光片和圆形荧光灯包围的房间里，这些荧光灯的标称亮度为2,040英尺。麻醉动物的眼睛被漫射暴露在100到100的光线下。锆能通过各种波长的滤光片或单色光。ERG波幅的不可逆降低以及视觉细胞和色素上皮的变性表明光损伤的严重程度。这种影响很大程度上取决于暴露时的身体（眼睛）温度。热疗大大加速和加强了光的损伤作用，因此本文报道的大多数实验都是在高体温下进行的。在体温约104华氏度的情况下，每平方厘米视网膜暴露5到10英寸1小时会产生严重的损伤。据估计，高温下的最小伤害剂量约为每平方厘米1 ixw。损伤效应的作用谱与ERG测得的视觉刺激谱接近。不同品系的白化动物与带帽（有色）动物相比受影响较小。在黑暗中，在高体温下，从仅仅是潜意识伤害剂量的光中恢复过来需要大约24小时，在此之前，视网膜对额外剂量“敏感”了一段时间。在高体温光照射期间或之后，视觉细胞和色素上皮损伤几乎同时发生，首先表现为固缩，然后是细胞肿胀，随后是细胞核和细胞质溶解。造成损伤的关键反应被认为是一种“暗反应”，这种反应是由一种可测量地使视紫红质变白的- interisiit_光引起的。简要讨论了导致损伤的反应顺序的假设。
The retina of laboratory rats is affected irreversibly by intense light applied for less than 1 hour or for up to 2 days depending upon experimental conditions. Exposure of unanesthetized and unrestrained animals was in chambers surrounded by a green filter and circular fluorescent lamps of a nominal brightness of 2,040 footlamberts. Eyes of anesthetized animals were exposed diffusely to either the light from a 100 to. zirconium arc passing through filters or monochromatic light of various icavelengths. Irreversible reduction in ERG amplitudes and degeneration of visual cells and pigment epithelium indicated the severity of the light damage. The effect was very dependent upon the body (eye) temperature during exposure. Hyperthermia greatly accelerated and intensified the damaging action of light and for this reason most experiments reported in this paper were performed at a high body temperature. At a body temperature around 104° F. severe damage teas produced with exposures to 5 to 10 iiw per square centimeter retina for 1 hour. The minimal damaging dose at a high temperature was estimated to be about 1 ixw per square centimeter. The action spectrum~of the daviaging effect approximated that of visual excitation as measured by the ERG. Hooded (pigmented) animals were no more affected than albinos of different strains. Recovery in the dark from a just subliminally damaging dose of light at a high body temperature required about 24 hours and was preceded by a period of time during ichich the retina was "sensitized" to an additional dose. During or following exposure to light at a high body temperature visual cell and pigmentepithelial_damage developedTabout simultaneouslu and was first indicated bit pyknosis Trncl cell swelling followed rapidly by the dissolution of nuclei and cytoplasm. The crucial reaction in producing the damage is considered a "dark-reaction" initiated by light of an -inte7isiiTj_ which bleaches measurably rhodopsin. Hypotheses on the reaction sequence which 'leads to damage are briefly discussed.