Multiple environmental benefits of alternate wetting and drying irrigation system with limited yield impact on European rice cultivation: The Ebre Delta case
Multiple environmental benefits of alternate wetting and drying irrigation system with limited yield impact on European rice cultivation: The Ebre Delta case
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107164
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
M. Martínez-Eixarch;C. Alcaraz;Mercè Guàrdia;M. Catala-Forner;Andrea Bertomeu;S. Monaco;N. Cochrane;V. Oliver;Y. Teh;B. Courtois;A. Price
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Martínez-Eixarch;C. Alcaraz;Mercè Guàrdia;M. Catala-Forner;Andrea Bertomeu;S. Monaco;N. Cochrane;V. Oliver;Y. Teh;B. Courtois;A. Price
AWD是一种用于水稻种植的灌溉技术，包括在生长季节交替实施排水和洪水期，提供多种环境效益，例如减少用水量，CH4排放和砷（As）谷物含量，但可以通过产量损失来抵消。AWD的农艺和环境影响之间的权衡是作物上下文相关的，它们也不同的AWD研究的不同版本之间。因此，在实施安全的AWD之前，需要在特定的水稻种植系统中进行研究。为期两年的田间试验进行了评估AWD对粮食产量，As和重金属含量的谷物，和温室气体排放量在9个代表性的欧洲水稻品种生长在地中海种植区。实验采用裂区设计，重复四次。该研究揭示了对AWD的农艺学响应的显著品种效应。在所研究的品种，其中一个表现为耐AWD，而一组由4个品种表现出轻微的非显着产量下降。AWD显着减少CH4排放量和全球变暖潜能值的90%，是这样一个大的缓解能力，解释了在两种水处理中发现的N2O排放量可以忽略不计。最后，AWD的实施显着减少了约。40%作为粮食浓度，但增加镉含量，但水平仍低于建议的阈值。此外，AWD增加了关键的营养元素，如铜，硒和锌。总之，这项研究证实，AWD可以安全地在地中海水稻种植条件下实施，产量影响有限或为零，同时获得相关的环境效益，这种做法
The AWD is an irrigation technology for rice cultivation, consisting in implementing alternate draining and flooded periods over the growing season, that delivers multiple environmental benefits, such as reduced water consumption, CH4emissions and arsenic (As) grain content, but can be offset by yield losses. The trade-offs between the agronomic and environmental effects of AWD are crop context-dependent and they also vary among the different versions of AWD studied. Therefore, the implementation of a safe AWD needs to be preceded by studies conducted within a specific rice cropping system. A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of AWD on grain yield, As and heavy metal content in grains, and greenhouse gas emissions in nine representative European rice cultivars grown in a Mediterranean growing area. The experiment was performed in a split-plot design with four replications. The study revealed a significant cultivar effect on the agronomic response to AWD. Among the studied cultivars, one of them performed as tolerant to AWD while a group formed by four cultivars showed slight non-significant yield decline. AWD significantly reduced CH4emissions and the global warming potential by 90% being such a large mitigation capacity explained by the negligible N2O emissions found in both water treatments. Finally, the implementation of AWD significantly reduced byca.40% As grain concentration but increased cadmium content, though the levels remained below the recommended thresholds. Further, AWD increased key nutritional elements like cupper, selenium, and zinc. In conclusion, this study confirms that AWD can be safely implemented in Mediterranean rice cultivation conditions with limited or null yield impact while obtaining the associated environmental benefits of this practice