Optobiology: optical control of biological processes via protein engineering.
Optobiology: optical control of biological processes via protein engineering.
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20130150
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Lin MZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim B;Lin MZ
实现对生物过程的光学控制是光遗传学新领域的一个明确目标。通过天然视紫红质家族离子通道控制膜电压已经在神经科学中被广泛接受，因为这些天然蛋白质无需进一步工程化即可控制膜电压。相比之下，细胞内生物过程的光学控制一直是零散的努力，各种实验室以不同的方式将光响应特性工程化到蛋白质中。在这里，我们回顾了各种系统，已开发的脊椎动物视紫红质，植物光调节蛋白，以及最近的光开关荧光蛋白Dronpa的基础上控制蛋白质的功能。通过允许生物学被时空特异性和可调动力学控制，光可控蛋白质将在细胞和有机体生物学以及合成生物学的理解中找到应用。
Enabling optical control over biological processes is a defining goal of the new field of optogenetics. Control of membrane voltage by natural rhodopsin-family ion channels has found widespread acceptance in neuroscience, due to the fact that these natural proteins control membrane voltage without further engineering. In contrast, optical control of intracellular biological processes has been a fragmented effort, with various laboratories engineering light-responsive properties into proteins in different manners. Here, we review the various systems that have been developed for controlling protein functions with light based on vertebrate rhodopsins, plant photoregulatory proteins, and, most recently, the photoswitchable fluorescent protein Dronpa. By allowing biology to be controlled with spatiotemporal specificity and tunable dynamics, light-controllable proteins will find applications in the understanding of cellular and organismal biology and in synthetic biology.