Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals
Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals
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DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199236565.001.0001
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发表时间：
2002-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Bernstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Bernstein
晶体的多晶性在1822年首次被发现，现在是一种被广泛承认和观察到的现象，在研究和利用固体物质的学科和行业中具有基础和商业影响。这一版本的目的是总结和提出最新的知识和对分子晶体中的多态的理解，并集中在一个来源。这些信息是从公开文献中广泛的来源(约2500个)收集的；然而，由于这一现象的商业重要性日益增加，很大一部分信息不太容易获得，我们试图包括来自这些来源的信息以及它们的引用的完整细节。在介绍基本概念、定义和历史发展的一章之后，介绍了结晶和多态的物理和结构基础。详细描述了晶形景观的探索，包括多晶屏、伴生多晶型和消失的多晶型。综述了用于研究和表征多态行为的分析方法，接着讨论了用于研究和尝试预测多态行为的快速发展的计算方法。在利用多态系统研究固体中结构-性质关系的许多例子的一章中，有三个单独的章节介绍了多态在制药、高能材料和颜料中的作用和重要性。这本书的最后一章讲述了多态在通过专利制度建立和保护与多态相关的知识产权方面的作用。
First recognized in 1822, polymorphism of crystals is now a widely recognized and observed phenomenon, with both fundamental and commercial ramifications in disciplines and industries that study and utilize solid forms of matter. The purpose of this edition is to summarize and to bring up to date the current knowledge and understanding of polymorphism in molecular crystals, and to concentrate it in one source. The information has been gleaned from a wide variety (~2500) of sources in the open literature; however, because of the increasing commercial importance of the phenomenon, a significant portion of the information is less accessible, we have attempted to include both the information from those sources as well with full details of their citations. An introductory chapter on fundamental concepts, definitions, and historical development is followed by a presentation of the physical and structural bases for crystallization and polymorphism. The exploration of the crystal form landscape is described in detail, including polymorph screens, concomitant polymorphs, and disappearing polymorphs. A survey of analytical methods for studying and characterizing polymorphs is followed by a discussion of rapidly developing computational methods for studying and attempting to predict polymorphic behavior. A chapter with many examples of the utilization of polymorphic systems to investigate structure–property relationships in solids precedes three individual chapters on the role and importance of polymorphism in pharmaceuticals, high energy materials, and pigments. The book closes with a chapter on the role of polymorphism in establishing and protecting intellectual property connected with polymorphs through the patent system.