DETERMINANTS OF ENDURANCE IN WELL-TRAINED CYCLISTS
DETERMINANTS OF ENDURANCE IN WELL-TRAINED CYCLISTS
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1988.64.6.2622
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发表时间：
1988-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
WALTERS, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
COYLE, EF;COGGAN, AR;WALTERS, TJ
14名具有相似最大O2消耗量（≥ VO 2 max;范围，4.6-5.0 l/min）的竞技自行车运动员在次最大运动期间就血乳酸盐响应、糖原使用和耐力进行比较。7名受试者在相对低强度的运动期间（L组）（即，65.8 .+-. 1.7%.ovrhdot.V02max），而在其他7名男性（H组）中需要相对高强度的运动来引发LT（即，81.5 .+-. 1.8%.ovrhdot.VO2max; P < 0.001）。在以88%的VO 2 max运动期间，H组中的疲劳时间比L组长两倍多（60.8 ± 0.001）。3.1对比29.1 .+-。5.0 min; P < 0.001）。超过92%的性能变化与LT时的%VO 2 max和肌肉毛细血管密度有关。L组股外侧肌在次极量循环期间比H组更受应力（即，79% ≥ VO 2 max），如糖原利用率和血乳酸浓度的两倍以上（P < 0.001）所反映的。H组和L组股外侧肌的线粒体酶活性质量相似，而H组I型肌纤维的百分比更高（66.7 ±. 5.2与46.9 .+-相比。3.8; P < 0.01）。在两组之间观察到的对次极量运动的不同代谢反应似乎是针对骑自行车的腿部伸展阶段的，因为两组的血乳酸反应在上坡跑步期间是相当的。这些数据表明，在具有相同≥ VO 2 max的个体之间，耐力可能变化很大。与LT时高% ≥ VO 2 max相关的因素是多年的骑自行车经验（r = 0.75; P < 0.01）和I型肌纤维百分比（r = 0.55; P < 0.05）。看来，密集的周期训练进行. apprx。与2-3年相比，5年促进持续适应，特别是在骑自行车时减少肌肉糖原分解。
Fourteen competitive cyclists who possessed a similar maximum O2 consumption (.ovrhdot.VO2max; range, 4.6-5.0 l/min) were compared regarding blood lactate responses, glycogen usage, and endurance during submaximal exercise. Seven subjects reached their blood lactate threshold (LT) during exercise of a relatively low intensity (group L) (i.e., 65.8 .+-. 1.7% .ovrhdot.V02max), whereas exercise of a relatively high intensity was required to elicit LT in the other seven men (group H) (i.e., 81.5 .+-. 1.8% .ovrhdot.VO2max; P < 0.001). Time to fatigue during exercise at 88% of .ovrhdot.VO2max was more than twofold longer in group H compared with group L (60.8 .+-. 3.1 vs. 29.1 .+-. 5.0 min; P < 0.001). Over 92% of the variance in performance was related to the %.ovrhdot.VO2max at LT and muscle capillary density. The vastus lateralis muscle of group L was stressed more than that of group H during submaximal cycling (i.e., 79% .ovrhdot.VO2max), as reflected by more than a twofold greater (P < 0.001) rate of glycogen utilization and blood lactate concentration. The quality of the vastus lateralis in groups H and L was similar regarding mitochondrial enzyme activity, whereas group H possessed a greater percentage of type I muscle fibers (66.7 .+-. 5.2 vs. 46.9 .+-. 3.8; P < 0.01). The differing metabolic responses to submaximal exercise observed between the two groups appeared to be specific to the leg extension phase of cycling, since the blood lactate responses of the two groups were comparable during uphill running. These data indicate that endurance can vary greatly among individuals with an equal .ovrhdot.VO2max. The factors associated with a high %.ovrhdot.VO2max at LT were years of cycling experience (r = 0.75; P < 0.01) and percent type I muscle fibers (r = 0.55; P < 0.05). It appears that intense cycle training performed for .apprx. 5 yr compared with 2-3 yr promotes continued adaptations that reduce muscle glycogenolysis specifically when cycling.