Signaling to and from the RNA Polymerase III Transcription and Processing Machinery.

Signaling to and from the RNA Polymerase III Transcription and Processing Machinery.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012624
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发表时间:
2018-06-20
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Moir RD
Moir RD
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Willis IM;Moir RD

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RNA聚合酶(Pol)III在转录真核细胞中最丰富的RNA(tRNA)中具有特殊作用,沿着其他普遍存在的小的非编码RNA,其中许多具有与核糖体和蛋白质合成相关的功能。产生这些RNA的高能量成本及其在蛋白质合成中的中心作用是Pol III转录响应于营养和胁迫通过生长调节途径的稳健调节的基础。下游的Pol III,信号传导影响转录后的过程,影响翻译和tRNA切割成更小的片段,越来越多地归因于新的细胞活性的tRNA功能。在这篇综述中,我们考虑如何营养和压力控制Pol III转录通过其因子和负调节因子Maf 1。我们强调最近的工作表明,tRNA群体的组成和单个tRNA的功能是动态控制的,并且不受限制的Pol III转录可以重新编程中央代谢途径。
RNA polymerase (Pol) III has a specialized role in transcribing the most abundant RNAs in eukaryotic cells, tRNAs, along with other ubiquitous small non-coding RNAs, many of which have functions related to the ribosome and protein synthesis. The high energetic cost of producing these RNAs and their central role in protein synthesis underlies the robust regulation of Pol III transcription in response to nutrients and stress by growth regulatory pathways. Downstream of Pol III, signaling impacts posttranscriptional processes affecting tRNA function in translation and tRNA cleavage into smaller fragments that are increasingly attributed with novel cellular activities. In this review, we consider how nutrients and stress controls Pol III transcription via its factors and its negative regulator, Maf1. We highlight recent work showing that the composition of the tRNA population and the function of individual tRNAs is dynamically controlled, and that unrestrained Pol III transcription can reprogram central metabolic pathways.
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