Get real! Resolving the debate about equivalent social stimuli
Get real! Resolving the debate about equivalent social stimuli
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DOI：
10.1080/13506280902758044
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kingstone, Alan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Birmingham, Elina;Bischof, Walter F.;Kingstone, Alan
空间定向的凝视和箭头研究表明，眼睛和箭头对空间注意力转移产生几乎相同的影响。这使得一些研究人员认为，人类的注意力系统认为眼睛和箭头是等同的社会刺激。然而，这种观点不符合眼睛是独特的社会刺激的一般直觉，也不同意大量的工作表明人类拥有一个优先偏向于处理人类凝视信息的神经系统。为了阐明这种差异，我们认为模型提示任务可能无法衡量眼睛的某些特殊性。因此，我们测量的不是眼睛和箭头提示的位置的注意力定向，而是嵌入在复杂的现实世界场景中的眼睛和箭头的选择。结果是明确的：人们更喜欢看别人和他们的眼睛;他们很少注意箭头。这一结果不是由视觉显着性预测的，而是由眼睛是由注意力系统优先考虑的社会刺激的想法预测的。这些数据，以及它们所来源的范式，为过去的社会注意力线索研究提供了新的视角，并为未来的社会注意力研究提出了新的方向。
Gaze and arrow studies of spatial orienting have shown that eyes and arrows produce nearly identical effects on shifts of spatial attention. This has led some researchers to suggest that the human attention system considers eyes and arrows as equivalent social stimuli. However, this view does not fit with the general intuition that eyes are unique social stimuli nor does it agree with a large body of work indicating that humans possess a neural system that is preferentially biased to process information regarding human gaze. To shed light on this discrepancy we entertained the idea that the model cueing task may fail to measure some of the ways that eyes are special. Thus rather than measuring the orienting of attention to a location cued by eyes and arrows, we measured the selection of eyes and arrows embedded in complex real-world scenes. The results were unequivocal: People prefer to look at other people and their eyes; they rarely attend to arrows. This outcome was not predicted by visual saliency but it was predicted by the idea that eyes are social stimuli that are prioritized by the attention system. These data, and the paradigm from which they were derived, shed new light on past cueing studies of social attention, and they suggest a new direction for future investigations of social attention.