Impacts of Perinatal Dioxin Exposure on Motor Coordination and Higher Cognitive Development in Vietnamese Preschool Children: A Five-Year Follow-Up.
Impacts of Perinatal Dioxin Exposure on Motor Coordination and Higher Cognitive Development in Vietnamese Preschool Children: A Five-Year Follow-Up.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0147655
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nishijo H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tran NN;Pham TT;Ozawa K;Nishijo M;Nguyen AT;Tran TQ;Hoang LV;Tran AH;Phan VH;Nakai A;Nishino Y;Nishijo H
南越前美国空军基地附近的环境和人类体内的二恶英浓度仍然很高。我们之前的流行病学研究表明，接触二恶英会对生命最初 3 年的神经发育产生不利影响。随后，我们延长了随访期，研究了围产期二恶英暴露对学龄前儿童神经发育的影响，包括运动协调性和较高的认知能力。目前，我们对二恶英污染热点地区的176名儿童进行了调查，从出生一直跟踪到5岁。通过测量母乳中的二恶英水平来估算围产期二恶英暴露水平。二恶英毒性使用两个指标进行评估；毒性当量 (TEQ)-多氯二苯并-对-二恶英/呋喃 (PCDD/F) 和 2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-对-二恶英 (TCDD) 浓度。使用儿童运动评估电池第二版（运动 ABC-2）评估协调运动，包括手动灵巧性、瞄准和接球以及平衡。使用考夫曼儿童评估套组第二版 (KABC-II) 的非语言指数 (NVI) 评估认知能力。在男孩中，高 TEQ-PCDDs/Fs 组的运动 ABC-2 总测试和平衡得分显着低于中度和低度暴露组。与低暴露组的男孩相比，高 TCDD 暴露组的 NVI 分数和 KABC-II 的模式推理分量表表明计划能力也显着较低。然而，在女孩中，不同 TEQ-PCDDs/Fs 和 TCDD 暴露组之间的运动 ABC-2 和 KABC-II 评分没有显着差异。此外，在高风险病例中，高度暴露于 TEQ-PCDD/F 和 TCDD 的 5 名男孩和 1 名女孩的神经发育技能困难风险增加了一倍。这些结果表明 TEQ-PCDDs/Fs 和 TCDD 暴露分别对运动协调性和更高的认知能力产生不同的影响。此外，高 TEQ-PCDDs/Fs 暴露与高 TCDD 暴露相结合可能会增加自闭症特征以及发育协调障碍。
Dioxin concentrations remain elevated in the environment and in humans residing near former US Air Force bases in South Vietnam. Our previous epidemiological studies showed adverse effects of dioxin exposure on neurodevelopment for the first 3 years of life. Subsequently, we extended the follow-up period and investigated the influence of perinatal dioxin exposure on neurodevelopment, including motor coordination and higher cognitive ability, in preschool children. Presently, we investigated 176 children in a hot spot of dioxin contamination who were followed up from birth until 5 years old. Perinatal dioxin exposure levels were estimated by measuring dioxin levels in maternal breast milk. Dioxin toxicity was evaluated using two indices; toxic equivalent (TEQ)-polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDDs/Fs) and concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Coordinated movements, including manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance, were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (Movement ABC-2). Cognitive ability was assessed using the nonverbal index (NVI) of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (KABC-II). In boys, total test and balance scores of Movement ABC-2 were significantly lower in the high TEQ- PCDDs/Fs group compared with the moderate and low exposure groups. NVI scores and the pattern reasoning subscale of the KABC-II indicating planning ability were also significantly lower in the high TCDD exposure group compared with the low exposure group of boys. However, in girls, no significant differences in Movement ABC-2 and KABC-II scores were found among the different TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and TCDD exposure groups. Furthermore, in high risk cases, five boys and one girl highly exposed to TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and TCDD had double the risk for difficulties in both neurodevelopmental skills. These results suggest differential impacts of TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and TCDD exposure on motor coordination and higher cognitive ability, respectively. Moreover, high TEQ-PCDDs/Fs exposure combined with high TCDD exposure may increase autistic traits combined with developmental coordination disorder.