Modelling pulsed releases for sterile insect techniques: fitness costs of sterile and transgenic males and the effects on mosquito dynamics
Modelling pulsed releases for sterile insect techniques: fitness costs of sterile and transgenic males and the effects on mosquito dynamics
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01880.x
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Sait, Steven M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
White, Steven M.;Rohani, Pejman;Sait, Steven M.
1.目前正在探索转基因技术与昆虫不育技术(SIT)相结合的发展，以期找到新的害虫生物防治方法。最近的研究表明，转基因昆虫品系往往存在适应性成本，但这些成本对它们在害虫控制中潜在用途的影响还没有得到很好的理解。本文利用一个阶段结构的数学模型，探讨了昆虫适合度成本对两种控制策略(经典SIT和转基因迟效双性致死)的影响，并对埃及伊蚊进行了参数化处理。与大多数研究相反，我们使用了现实的脉冲释放策略，并纳入了适应成本，这表现为雄性交配竞争力的降低。对于这两个模型，我们都表明，害虫蚊子种群的控制水平对转基因或不育雄性蚊子的释放速度高度敏感。当较少数量的不育/转基因雄性更频繁地释放时，种群控制比较大和较少的释放更有效。如果野生型蚊子种群呈现出丰盛的峰谷周期，就像许多昆虫物种的情况一样，那么高频率释放转基因雄性蚊子不仅会减少蚊子的丰度，而且可能会抑制未来的害虫爆发，而单独使用SIT可能会产生不利的影响，导致蚊子丰度的增加。此外，在蚊子种群周期中释放不育/转基因雄性的时机对于降低害虫暴发水平至关重要。在所有情况下，不育/转基因雄性的适合度降低会导致控制能力的降低，因此需要更频繁或更大幅度的释放。合成与应用。昆虫不育技术被认为是害虫管理的一种有价值的非化学工具。随着最新遗传技术的潜在应用，考虑这种生物防治策略的更广泛的生态影响正变得越来越重要。预测最有效的释放策略对于防治害虫和媒介昆虫以及限制潜在的更广泛的生态影响将是重要的。尽管我们的模型的重点是埃及伊蚊，这种蚊子可以传播黄热病、登革热和基孔肯雅病，但我们的建模方法和结果可以更广泛地应用于其他物种。
1. The development of transgenic technologies, coupled with sterile insect techniques (SIT), is being explored in relation to new approaches for the biological control of insect pests. Recent studies have shown that there are often fitness costs associated with transgenic insect strains, but the impact of these costs on their potential use in pest control is poorly understood.2. In this paper, we explore the impact of an insect fitness cost on two control strategies (classical SIT and transgenic late-acting bisex lethality) using a stage-structured mathematical model, which is parameterized for the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Counter to the majority of studies, we use realistic pulsed release strategies and incorporate a fitness cost, which is manifested as a reduction in male mating competitiveness.3. For both models we show that the level of control of a pest mosquito population is highly sensitive to the rate at which the transgenic or sterile males are released. Population control is more effective when smaller numbers of sterile/transgenic males are released more frequently than larger and less frequent releases.4. If the wild-type mosquito population exhibits cycles of peaks and troughs in abundance, as is the case for many insect species, then high frequency releases of transgenic males not only reduce mosquito abundance, but they may dampen future pest outbreaks, whereas the use of SIT alone may have an adverse effect, causing an increase in mosquito abundance. Additionally, the timing of sterile/transgenic male release during the mosquito population cycle is critical in reducing pest outbreak levels.5. In all cases, the reduced fitness of the sterile/transgenic males causes reductions in control, thus requiring more frequent or greater magnitude releases.6. Synthesis and applications. The sterile insect technique is considered to be a valuable non-chemical tool for pest management. With the potential application of recent genetic developments to enhance the technique, it is becoming increasingly important to consider the wider ecological implications of this biological control strategy. Predicting the most efficient release strategies will be important in combating pest and vector insects as well as for limiting potential broader ecological effects. Although the focus of our models are based on the mosquito, A. aegypti, which can spread yellow fever, dengue fever and Chikungunya disease, our modelling approach and results can be applied more broadly to other species.