DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey.
DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950050015002
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发表时间：
1994-05
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Wittchen;Shanyang Zhao;Ronald C. Kessler;W. Eaton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Wittchen;Shanyang Zhao;Ronald C. Kessler;W. Eaton
本文介绍了具有全国代表性的一般人群数据，包括DSM-III-R广泛性焦虑症（GAD）的当前、12个月和终生患病率，以及危险因素、合并症和相关损害。方法：数据来自全国科摩罗调查，一个大型的一般人口调查的人年龄在15至54岁的非制度化的平民人口的美国。DSM-III-R GAD由非专业访谈者使用修订版的复合国际诊断访谈进行评估。广泛性焦虑症是一种相对罕见的疾病，目前的患病率为1.6%，但被认为是一种更常见的终身疾病，影响5.1%的美国15至45岁的人口。广泛性焦虑症在女性中的发病率是男性的两倍。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，24岁以上、分居、丧偶、离婚、失业、家庭主妇是广泛性焦虑的显著相关因素。与治疗样本的研究一致，我们发现GAD经常与广泛的其他精神疾病相关，在90.4%有GAD病史的人中存在终身共病。结论与传统观点GAD是一种轻度疾病相反，我们发现大多数GAD患者，无论他们是否患有共病，都报告了他们的生活受到了大量干扰，高度的专业帮助寻求，以及由于他们的GAD症状而大量使用药物。虽然终生广泛性焦虑症是高度共病的，但目前不伴有任何其他诊断的广泛性焦虑症的比例足够高，表明广泛性焦虑症应被视为一种独立的疾病，而不仅仅是其他疾病的残留或前驱症状。
BACKGROUND Nationally representative general population data are presented on the current, 12-month, and lifetime prevalence of DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as well as on risk factors, comorbidity, and related impairments. METHODS The data are from the National Comorbidity Survey, a large general population survey of persons aged 15 to 54 years in the noninstitutionalized civilian population of the United States. DSM-III-R GAD was assessed by lay interviewers using a revised version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS Generalized anxiety disorder was found to be a relatively rare current disorder with a current prevalence of 1.6% but was found to be a more frequent lifetime disorder affecting 5.1% of the US population aged 15 to 45 years. Generalized anxiety disorder was twice as common among women as among men. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being older than 24 years, separated, widowed, divorced, unemployed, and a homemaker are significant correlates of GAD. Consistent with studies in treatment samples, we found that GAD was frequently associated with a wide spectrum of other mental disorders, with a lifetime comorbidity among 90.4% of the people who had a history of GAD. CONCLUSION Contrary to the traditional view that GAD is a mild disorder, we found that the majority of people with GAD, whether they were comorbid or not, reported substantial interference with their life, a high degree of professional help seeking, and a high use of medication because of their GAD symptoms. Although lifetime GAD is highly comorbid, the proportion of current GAD that is not accompanied by any other current diagnosis is high enough to indicate that GAD should be considered an independent disorder rather than exclusively a residual or prodrome of other disorders.