A Quantum Annealer-Enabled Decoder and Hardware Topology for NextG Wireless Polar Codes
A Quantum Annealer-Enabled Decoder and Hardware Topology for NextG Wireless Polar Codes
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DOI：
10.1109/twc.2023.3311204
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发表时间：
2024-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Srikar Kasi;John Kaewelh;Kyle Jamieson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Srikar Kasi;John Kaewelh;Kyle Jamieson
我们提出了混合极化解码器（HyPD），这是一种用于极化纠错码的混合经典量子解码器设计，在当今的5G和未来的6 G网络中变得越来越普遍。HyPD采用CMOS处理进行Polar解码器的二元树遍历，并采用量子退火（QA）处理进行量子Polar解码器（QPD）（一种基于最大似然QA的Polar解码器子模块）。QPD的设计有效地将Polar解码器转换为二次多项式优化形式，然后通过QPD-MAP将该多项式映射到物理QA硬件上，QPD-MAP是为QPD量身定制的定制问题映射方案。我们已经在瑞利衰落信道中，针对块长度为1，024比特的5G-NR极化码，在具有5，627个量子比特的最先进的QA设备上对HyPD进行了实验评估。我们的研究结果表明，HyPD优于连续取消列表解码器的列表大小8的半个顺序的比特错误率幅度，并实现了1,500字节的帧传输率为99.1%，在1 dB的信噪比。进一步的研究提出了QA计算时间的考虑。我们还提出了QPD-HW，这是一种为解码极化码的任务量身定制的新型QA硬件拓扑。QPD-HW是稀疏的，灵活的码率和块长度，可能是未来的6 G无线网络的设计者的潜在兴趣。
We present the Hybrid Polar Decoder (HyPD), a hybrid classical–quantum decoder design for Polar error correction codes, which are becoming widespread in today’s 5G and tomorrow’s 6G networks. HyPD employs CMOS processing for the Polar decoder’s binary tree traversal, and Quantum Annealing (QA) processing for the Quantum Polar Decoder (QPD)–a Maximum-Likelihood QA-based Polar decoder submodule. QPD’s design efficiently transforms a Polar decoder into a quadratic polynomial optimization form, then maps this polynomial on to the physical QA hardware via QPD-MAP, a customized problem mapping scheme tailored to QPD. We have experimentally evaluated HyPD on a state-of-the-art QA device with 5,627 qubits, for 5G-NR Polar codes with block length of 1,024 bits, in Rayleigh fading channels. Our results show that HyPD outperforms Successive Cancellation List decoders of list size eight by half an order of bit error rate magnitude, and achieves a 1,500-bytes frame delivery rate of 99.1%, at 1-dB signal-to-noise ratio. Further studies present QA compute time considerations. We also propose QPD-HW, a novel QA hardware topology tailored for the task of decoding Polar codes. QPD-HW is sparse, flexible to code rate and block length, and may be of potential interest to the designers of tomorrow’s 6G wireless networks.