Variability in baseball pitching biomechanics among various levels of competition
Variability in baseball pitching biomechanics among various levels of competition
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DOI：
10.1080/14763140802629958
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Andrews, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleisig, Glenn;Chu, Yungchien;Andrews, James
本研究的目的是比较不同水平的比赛中棒球投球的个体内变异。据推测，随着竞争水平的增加，变异性降低。对93名健康的男性棒球投手（20名青年，19名高中，20名大学，20名小联盟和14名大联盟级别的投手）进行了5次快速球分析。11个运动学，4个时间，和6个动力学参数进行了量化与240赫兹的自动数字化系统。三个多重方差分析被用来比较个人的标准偏差的运动学，时间和动力学参数之间的五个竞争水平。有一个显着的整体差异的运动学和11个运动学参数分析：脚的位置，膝关节屈曲，骨盆角速度，肘关节屈曲，肩外旋，躯干前倾。个人标准差往往是最大的青年投手，并降低了较高水平的竞争。因此，投手谁进步到更高的水平表现出更少的变化，在他们的议案。在时间变化的差异是不显着的，因此，在俯仰协调的变化并没有改善在更高的水平。动力学变化的差异是不显着的，这意味着没有特定的技能水平增加了由于关节动力学变化的损伤风险。
The aim of this study was to compare within-individual variability in baseball pitching among various levels of competition. It was hypothesized that variability decreases as level of competition increases. Five fastballs were analysed for 93 healthy male baseball pitchers (20 youth, 19 high school, 20 college, 20 Minor League, and 14 Major League level pitchers). Eleven kinematic, four temporal, and six kinetic parameters were quantified with a 240-Hz automated digitizing system. Three multiple analyses of variance were used to compare individual standard deviations for kinematic, temporal, and kinetic parameters among the five competition levels. There was a significant overall difference in kinematics and in six of the eleven kinematic parameters analysed: foot placement, knee flexion, pelvis angular velocity, elbow flexion, shoulder external rotation, and trunk forward tilt. Individual standard deviations tended to be greatest for youth pitchers, and decreased for higher levels of competition. Thus pitchers who advanced to higher levels exhibited less variability in their motions. Differences in temporal variation were non-significant; thus variability in pitching coordination was not improved at higher levels. Differences in kinetic variation were non-significant, implying no particular skill level has increased risk of injury due to variation in joint kinetics.