The effects of spatial attention on motion processing in deaf signers, hearing signers, and hearing nonsigners
The effects of spatial attention on motion processing in deaf signers, hearing signers, and hearing nonsigners
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DOI：
10.1006/brcg.2001.1497
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Dobkins, KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosworth, RG;Dobkins, KR
聋人的视觉能力可能会因为听觉剥夺和/或因为聋人严重依赖手语（美国手语，或ASL）而改变。本研究我们问了一个问题，失聪者的注意力能力被改变了。采用边缘运动方向辨别任务，考察了空间注意的三个方面：注意定向、注意分配。选择性的注意力。为了区分听觉剥夺和手语经验对注意定向的影响，我们比较了三个被试组：听力本族手语者和听力非手语者。我们比较了有和没有有效的空间precue的情况下获得的运动阈值，当出现precue时，受试者在其出现之前定向于刺激的概念。结果表明，聋人受试者在定向空间注意力的能力略有优势。要调查注意力分散，我们比较了运动阈值时获得的一个单一的运动目标时获得的阈值运动目标之间的混淆干扰。添加干扰物的效果被发现在不同的受试者群体中是相同的，这表明聋人受试者的注意力能力没有改变。最后，研究选择性注意。我们比较了一个人的表现。提示运动目标与干扰项中提示运动目标的距离。在这里，聋人，但不是听力，科目表现得更好时，运动目标之间的干扰比单独提出。这表明聋人受试者更容易受到干扰物的影响。总之。我们的结果表明，聋人的注意力定向和选择性注意力发生了改变，这些影响很可能是由于旁听者的剥夺而不是手语经验。(C)2002 Elsevier Science（美国）。
Visual abilities in deaf individuals may be altered as a result of auditory deprivation and/or because the deaf rely heavily on a sign language (American Sign Language, or ASL). In this study. we asked A heftier attentional abilities of deaf subjects are altered. Using, a direction of motion discrimination task in the periphery, we investigated three aspects of spatial attention: orienting of attention, divided attention. and selective attention. To separate influences of auditory deprivation and sign language experience, we compared three subject groups: deal, and hearing native signers of ASL and hearing nonsigners, To investigate the ability to orient attention. we compared motion thresholds obtained with and without a valid spatial precue, with the notion that subjects orient to the stimulus prior to its appearance when a precue is presented. Results suggest a slight advantage for deaf subjects in the ability to orient spatial attention. To investigate divided attention, we compared motion thresholds obtained when a single motion target was presented to thresholds obtained when the motion target was presented among confusable distractors. The effect of adding distractors was found to he identical across subject groups, suggesting that attentional capacity is not altered in deaf subjects. Finally, to investigate selective attention. we compared performance for a single. cued motion target with that of a cued motion target presented among distractors. Here, deaf, but not hearing, subjects performed better when the motion target was presented among distractors than when it was presented alone. suggesting that deaf subjects are more affected by the presence of distractors. In sum. our results suggest that attentional orienting and selective attention are altered in the deaf and that these effects are most likely due to auditors deprivation as opposed to sign language experience. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).