Prevalence and natural history of cryptorchidism.
Prevalence and natural history of cryptorchidism.
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.92.1.44
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发表时间：
1993-07
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
G. Berkowitz;Lapin Rh;Dolgin Se;Gazella Jg;Bodian Ca;I. Holzman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Berkowitz;Lapin Rh;Dolgin Se;Gazella Jg;Bodian Ca;I. Holzman
目的以医院为基础进行前瞻性队列研究，以确定出生时、3个月和1岁时隐睾症的患病率。设计1987年10月至1990年10月在纽约市西奈山医院连续分娩的6935名男婴在出生时进行隐睾症检查。采用标准化检验和分类标准。出生时被归类为隐睾症的婴儿在预期分娩日期后3个月和1岁时进行复查。结果6935例新生儿中，255例(3.7%)出生时有隐睾症。低出生体重儿、早产儿、小于胎龄儿和双胞胎新生儿的发生率显著升高。到3个月评估时，总体利率已降至1.0%，而在1年评估时，整体利率已降至1.1%。尽管在1年评估中，低出生体重儿和早产儿的发病率往往更高，但没有观察到显著的组间差异。结论由于本研究的患病率与几十年前的报告相似，这些数据没有证据表明隐睾症的发病率在出生时或1岁时有所增加。此外，大多数自然下降的睾丸是在预期分娩日期后的前3个月内下降的。
OBJECTIVE A prospective hospital-based cohort study was conducted to determine the prevalence rates of cryptorchidism at birth, 3 months, and 1 year of age. DESIGN A total of 6935 consecutive male neonates delivered at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City between October 1987 and October 1990 were examined at birth for cryptorchidism. Standardized examination and classification criteria were used. Infants classified as cryptorchid at birth were reexamined at 3 months and 1 year after the expected date of delivery. RESULTS Of 6935 neonates assessed at birth, 255 (3.7%) were found to be cryptorchid at birth. The rates were significantly elevated for low birth weight, preterm, small-for-gestational age, and twin neonates. The overall rate had declined to 1.0% by the 3-month assessment and 1.1% at the 1-year assessment. Although the rates at the 1-year assessment tended to be higher for low birth weight and preterm infants, no significant group differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS Since the prevalence rates in this study are similar to those reported several decades ago, these data provide no evidence that the rate of cryptorchidism has increased either at birth or by 1 year of age. Furthermore, most testes that descend spontaneously do so within the first 3 months after the expected date of delivery.