Endothelin and endothelin antagonists in chronic kidney disease.

Endothelin and endothelin antagonists in chronic kidney disease.
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DOI:
10.1038/ki.2014.143
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发表时间:
2014-11
影响因子:
19.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)的发病率和患病率正在上升,其中糖尿病和高血压占大多数病例,预计到2020年全球将有1.6亿人受到影响。鉴于目前的治疗方案,主要针对肾素血管紧张素系统,只能适度减缓终末期肾病的进展,迫切需要额外的有效治疗方法是显而易见的。内皮素-1 (ET-1)主要通过激活内皮素A受体,与肾细胞损伤、蛋白尿、炎症和纤维化导致CKD密切相关。内皮素受体拮抗剂(ERAs)已被证明可以改善甚至逆转CKD实验模型中的肾损伤和/或纤维化,而临床试验表明,即使在最大限度地阻断肾素血管紧张素系统的情况下,ERAs在糖尿病和非糖尿病性CKD患者中也具有显著的抗蛋白尿作用。本文综述了ET在CKD发病机制中的作用,并讨论了靶向ET系统治疗CKD的潜在治疗益处,并关注了这种方法的风险和益处。
The incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with diabetes and hypertension accounting for the majority of cases, is on the rise, with up to 160 million individuals worldwide predicted to be affected by 2020. Given that current treatment options, primarily targeted at the renin angiotensin system, only modestly slow down progression to end-stage renal disease, the urgent need for additional effective therapeutics is evident. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), largely through activation of endothelin A receptors, has been strongly implicated in renal cell injury, proteinuria, inflammation and fibrosis leading to CKD. Endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) have been demonstrated to ameliorate or even reverse renal injury and/or fibrosis in experimental models of CKD, while clinical trials indicate a substantial antiproteinuric effect of ERAs in diabetic and non-diabetic CKD patients even on top of maximal renin angiotensin system blockade. This review summarizes the role of ET in CKD pathogenesis and discusses the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the ET system in CKD, with attention to the risks and benefits of such an approach.
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