Self-triggered radio detection and identification of cosmic air showers with the OVRO-LWA
Self-triggered radio detection and identification of cosmic air showers with the OVRO-LWA
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2019.163086
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发表时间：
2019-07
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通讯作者：
R. Monroe;A. Wolf;G. Hallinan;A. Nelles;M. Eastwood;M. Anderson;L. D'Addario;J. Kocz;Yuankun Wang;Devin Cody;D. Woody;F. Schinzel;G. Taylor;L. Greenhill;Daniel J. Price
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作者：
R. Monroe;A. Wolf;G. Hallinan;A. Nelles;M. Eastwood;M. Anderson;L. D'Addario;J. Kocz;Yuankun Wang;Devin Cody;D. Woody;F. Schinzel;G. Taylor;L. Greenhill;Daniel J. Price
欧文斯谷射电天文台长波阵列（OVRO-LWA）的256个双极化天线成功地演示了地面阵列射频（RF）自触发，产生10个高能宇宙线候选者。这种仅RF的能力是基于射频干扰（RFI）识别和缓解的新技术，对于信噪比为1.5的单根天线的银河背景噪声功率，对干扰驱动事件的分析效率约为45%。无线电自触发可以在更宽的天顶角范围内更有效地探测宇宙射线，而不是通过原位粒子探测器的触发，这里提出的方法可以很容易地适应于依赖于仅RF探测的中微子实验。本文讨论了系统设计，RFI表征和缓解技术，并从40小时的观测窗口内确定的10个宇宙射线候选事件的初步结果。本文介绍了未来用于OVRO-LWA的优化共生宇宙射线探测器的设计，以及为其他实验开发类似功能的建议--对于许多配置来说，这些设计要么降低数据速率，要么将灵敏度提高一个数量级无线电仪器。
A successful ground array Radio Frequency (RF)-only self-trigger is demonstrated with 256 dual-polarization antennas of the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array (OVRO-LWA), yielding 10 high-energy cosmic ray candidates. This RF-only capability is predicated on novel techniques for Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) identification and mitigation with an analysis efficiency of approximately 45% for shower-driven events with a Signal-to-noise ratio≳ 5 against the galactic background noise power of individual antennas. Radio self-triggering enables more efficient detection of cosmic rays over a wider range of zenith angles than possible via triggers from in-situ particle detectors and the method presented here can be easily adapted to neutrino experiments relying on RF-only detection. This paper discusses the system design, RFI characterization and mitigation techniques, and initial results from 10 cosmic ray candidate events identified within a 40-hour observing window. A design for a future optimized commensal cosmic-ray detector for the OVRO-LWA is presented, as well as recommendations for developing a similar capability for other experiments—these designs either reduce data-rate or increase sensitivity by an order of magnitude for many configurations of radio instruments.