The role of Dutch civil engineering in modern port planning in Japan (1870s-1890s)
The role of Dutch civil engineering in modern port planning in Japan (1870s-1890s)
复制标题
荷兰土木工程在日本现代港口规划中的作用（1870 年代-1890 年代）
DOI：
10.1080/02665433.2021.1906308
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Hein Carola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwamoto Kazumasa;Hein Carola
在世纪中期，土木工程和技术创新开始在日本的现代化和西方化中发挥重要作用。从19世纪70年代到19世纪90年代，荷兰土木工程师与日本从业者合作设计日本港口，这是城市发展的关键起点。本文探讨了荷兰土木工程师的港口和港口城市规划对日本遵循现代建筑方法和技术的工程和规划实践发展的作用。它探讨了与外国势力有关的港口和水利规划提案在多大程度上影响了日本土木工程启发的城市规划实践的发展。本文考察了三个港口规划的案例研究：Nobiru，Mikuni和横滨。它表明，荷兰工程师提出的综合规划建议，将水管理和港口盆地和防波堤的建设与城市发展相结合，只得到部分实施，因为它们不符合日本的自然和技术条件。相反，日本专业人士剥离了城市背景的建议，并采用了工程技术。防波堤的柴排技术和进口的蒸汽挖泥机成为建造港池和维护现代港口功能的关键要素。
In the mid-nineteenth century, civil engineering and technological innovation began to play a major role in the modernization and westernization of Japan. From the 1870s to the 1890s, Dutch civil engineers worked with Japanese practitioners on the design of Japanese ports, a key starting point for urban development. This article explores the role of port and port city planning by Dutch civil engineers on the development of Japanese engineering and planning practice following modern construction methods and technology. It explores the degree to which port and water planning proposals that were associated with foreign forces influenced the development of civil engineering-inspired urban planning practice in Japan. The article examines three case studies of port planning: Nobiru, Mikuni and Yokohama. It shows that comprehensive planning proposals by the Dutch engineers, who combined water management and the construction of port basins and breakwaters with city development, were only partially implemented because they were not aligned with Japanese natural and technical conditions. Instead, Japanese professionals stripped the proposals of the urban context and adopted engineering technology. The fascine mattress technique for breakwaters and imported steam dredging machines became key elements for the construction of basins and the maintenance of modern port function.