Astrochemistry and compositions of planetary systems
Astrochemistry and compositions of planetary systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physrep.2020.09.004
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Öberg;E. Bergin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Öberg;E. Bergin
行星在年轻恒星周围的气体和尘埃圆盘中形成并获得它们的组成。这些行星形成盘的化学成分控制着行星组成的方方面面，从大宗元素库存到获取水和活性有机物，即行星对生命的好客及其化学起源。圆盘的化学结构反过来又由化学过程中的分子组合以及恒星形成过程的前几个进化阶段的分子遗传所支配。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了我们目前对在恒星前和原恒星环境中活跃的化学过程的理解，这些化学过程为行星形成设定了初始条件，以及在行星形成的第一个百万年期间演化化学条件的磁盘化学过程。我们回顾了最近的观测、实验室和理论发现，这些发现导致了目前关于行星形成的化学环境的观点，以及它们对新生行星系统组成的影响。我们还讨论了仍然存在的许多未知因素，并概述了解决这些问题的一些可能途径。
Planets form and obtain their compositions in disks of gas and dust around young stars. The chemical compositions of these planet-forming disks regulate all aspects of planetary compositions from bulk elemental inventories to access to water and reactive organics, i.e. a planet’s hospitality to life and its chemical origins. Disk chemical structures are in their turn governed by a combination ofin situchemical processes, and inheritance of molecules from the preceding evolutionary stages of the star formation process. In this review we present our current understanding of the chemical processes active in pre- and protostellar environments that set the initial conditions for disks, and the disk chemical processes that evolve the chemical conditions during the first million years of planet formation. We review recent observational, laboratory and theoretical discoveries that have led to the present view of the chemical environment within which planets form, and their effects on the compositions of nascent planetary systems. We also discuss the many unknowns that remain and outline some possible pathways to addressing them.