Magnetic-field-assisted electrodeposition of metal to obtain conically structured ferromagnetic layers
Magnetic-field-assisted electrodeposition of metal to obtain conically structured ferromagnetic layers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137374
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Mengyuan Huang;K. Eckert;G. Mutschke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mengyuan Huang;K. Eckert;G. Mutschke
微米或纳米结构的铁磁层通常具有上级电催化性能，但通常难以制造。目前的工作研究如何磁场可能支持局部锥生长的平面电极在电沉积过程中，从而简化制造。对毫米级的圆锥形结构进行了分析和数值研究，以详细说明由电极法向外场引起的磁力的影响。结果表明，除了先前在单锥情况下研究的洛伦兹力[1]之外，铁磁阴极附近的场变化所产生的磁梯度力显著支持锥生长。对尖锐和平坦的单锥进行了详细的研究，可以得出结论，在锥形变形的演变过程中的不同阶段的支持。此外，从相邻的圆锥的影响进行了研究，在不同的距离分开的圆锥阵列。附近的邻居通常倾向于减轻由磁力驱动的流动。在这里，源自磁梯度力的对锥体生长的支持比来自洛伦兹力的支持受到的影响小。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，磁场对铁磁锥形结构的生长有有利的影响，这也可能是有用的微米和纳米尺度。
Micro- or nano-structured ferromagnetic layers often possess superior electrocatalytic properties but are difficult to manufacture in general. The present work investigates how a magnetic field can possibly support local cone growth on a planar electrode during electrodeposition, thus simplifying fabrication. Analytical and numerical studies were performed on conical structures of mm size to elaborate the influence of the magnetic forces caused by an electrode-normal external field. It is shown that, beside the Lorentz force studied earlier in the case of single cones [1], the magnetic gradient force enabled by the field alteration near the ferromagnetic cathode significantly supports cone growth. Detailed studies performed for sharp and flat single cones allow conclusions to be drawn on the support at different stages in the evolution of conical deformations. Furthermore, the influence from neighboring cones is studied with arrays of cones at varying distances apart. Nearby neighbors generally tend to mitigate the flow driven by the magnetic forces. Here, the support for cone growth originating from the magnetic gradient force is less heavily affected than that from the Lorentz force. Our results clearly show that the magnetic field has a beneficial effect on the growth of ferromagnetic conical structures, which could also be useful on the micro- and nanometer scales.