Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for targeting the tumor microenvironment.
Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for targeting the tumor microenvironment.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.050
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发表时间：
2015-12-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nie S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du J;Lane LA;Nie S
纳米医学最具挑战性和临床重要性的目标之一是将成像和治疗药物输送到实体肿瘤。在这里，我们讨论了最近设计和开发的刺激响应智能纳米颗粒，用于靶向实体肿瘤的共同属性，如酸性和缺氧微环境。这类刺激反应的纳米颗粒在血液循环和正常生理条件下是无活性的，但一旦它们外渗到肿瘤微环境中，就会被酸性pH、酶的上调或缺氧激活。纳米颗粒通常被设计成首先“导航”身体的血管系统，“停靠”在肿瘤部位，然后“激活”在肿瘤间质空间内的作用。它们结合了纳米运载工具的良好生物分布和药代动力学特性以及小型药物货物的快速扩散和渗透特性。通过靶向广泛的肿瘤栖息地而不是肿瘤特异性受体，该策略有可能克服肿瘤异质性问题，并可用于设计用于广泛实体肿瘤的诊断和治疗纳米颗粒。
One of the most challenging and clinically important goals in nanomedicine is to deliver imaging and therapeutic agents to solid tumors. Here we discuss the recent design and development of stimuli-responsive smart nanoparticles for targeting the common attributes of solid tumors such as their acidic and hypoxic microenvironments. This class of stimuli-responsive nanoparticles is inactive during blood circulation and under normal physiological conditions, but is activated by acidic pH, enzymatic up-regulation, or hypoxia once they extravasate into the tumor microenvironment. The nanoparticles are often designed to first “navigate” the body’s vascular system, “dock” at the tumor sites, and then “activate” for action inside the tumor interstitial space. They combine the favorable biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties of nanodelivery vehicles and the rapid diffusion and penetration properties of smaller drug cargos. By targeting the broad tumor habitats rather than tumor-specific receptors, this strategy has the potential to overcome the tumor heterogeneity problem and could be used to design diagnostic and therapeutic nanoparticles for a broad range of solid tumors.