Age constraints on first versus second language acquisition: Evidence for linguistic plasticity and epigenesis
Age constraints on first versus second language acquisition: Evidence for linguistic plasticity and epigenesis
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DOI：
10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00137-8
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lock, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayberry, RI;Lock, E
年龄是否会同等地制约所有语言习得的结果，而不管该语言是第一语言还是第二语言？为了验证这一假设，聋人和听力成人的英语语法能力，无论是没有或没有语言经验（口语或签署）在幼儿期进行了调查与两个任务，定时语法判断和不定时的句子图片匹配。研究结果表明，在早期学习一门语言的成年人在第二语言上的表现接近母语水平，无论他们是听力或听力障碍，还是早期语言是口语或手语。相比之下，那些在早期生活中几乎没有或没有无障碍语言的聋人表现得很差。这些结果表明，在人类早期发展的语言习得的开始显着改变了学习语言的能力在整个生命，独立的感觉运动形式的早期经验。(C)2003 Elsevier Science（美国）。All rights reserved.
Does age constrain the outcome of all language acquisition equally regardless of whether the language is a first or second one? To test this hypothesis, the English grammatical abilities of deaf and hearing adults who either did or did not have linguistic experience (spoken or signed) during early childhood were investigated with two tasks, timed grammatical judgement and untimed sentence to picture matching. Findings showed that adults who acquired a language in early life performed at near-native levels on a second language regardless of whether they were hearing or deaf or whether the early language was spoken or signed. By contrast, deaf adults who experienced little or no accessible language in early life performed poorly. These results indicate that the onset of language acquisition in early human development dramatically alters the capacity to learn language throughout life, independent of the sensory-motor form of the early experience. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.