Changing pattern of accretion/erosion of the modem Yellow River (Huanghe) subaerial delta, China: Based on remote sensing images
Changing pattern of accretion/erosion of the modem Yellow River (Huanghe) subaerial delta, China: Based on remote sensing images
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DOI：
10.1016/j.margeo.2005.11.013
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发表时间：
2006-03-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Xu, KH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chu, ZX;Sun, XG;Xu, KH
1976年，黄河从刁口河道改道至清水沟渠，1996年又在清水沟渠北岸改道。因此，整个现代黄河三角洲经历了复杂的侵蚀和增生过程。利用1976—2000年Landsat MSS和TM多时相遥感资料，利用GIS工具对现代黄河陆上三角洲加淤变化规律进行了研究。1976 ~ 2000年期间，最大侵蚀发生在最后两个废弃海岬的顶端，即刁口海岬和深香沟海岬，海岸线向陆地后退分别超过-7 km和-4.5 km，平均净侵蚀速率分别为-0.29 km和-0.19 km/a。而最大的净增积发生在海岸线向海推进超过20 km的清水沟头，平均净增积速率为0.83 km/a。1996 ~ 2000年，Q(8)海岬头的海岸线也向海推进了7 km，平均净增积率为0.29 km/a。刁口和神香沟的总面积减少了-141.3 km(2)，平均净侵蚀速率为-6.03 km(2)/a。清水沟和Q(8)海的总面积分别增加了384.16和11.88 km(2)，平均净增长率分别为16.4和3.03 km(2)/a。相对于刁口、深香沟和清水沟海，刁口海西部和清水沟海南部虽然发生了轻微的侵蚀，但相对稳定。将现代黄河陆上三角洲的冲淤总体格局划分为快速冲淤阶段（1976 ~ 1984年）、冲淤调整阶段（1985 ~ 1995年）和慢冲淤阶段（1996年至今）三个阶段。总结了影响黄河三角洲冲淤格局的因素，包括构造地质、黄河输沙量、海岸过程、气象条件、人类活动、海平面上升和地面沉降等。整个陆上三角洲的累计增加面积与黄河累计输沙量密切相关。波浪诱发的岸流是最后两个废弃海岬（刁口海岬和深香沟海岬）从侵蚀区输沙的主要动力，主要是西风，部分是东风。1976年以后，黄河河道的地理变化及其流量的变化与这些海岸作用一起，导致了现在的清水峡和Q(8)峡的淤积。(c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
The Yellow River shifted from the Diaokou course to the Qingshuigou course in 1976, and shifted again at the north bank of the Qingshuigou course in 1996. As a result, the entire modem Yellow River Delta has experienced complicated patterns of erosion and accretion. Multitemporal remote sensing data of Landsat MSS and TM from 1976 to 2000, totaling twenty scenes, were used to examine the changing pattern of accretion and erosion of the modem Yellow River subaerial delta with GIS tools. During the period 1976 to 2000, the maximum erosion occurred at the head of the last two abandoned promontories, Diaokou and Shenxiangou promontories, where the coastline retreated landward over -7 and -4.5 km, respectively, with mean net erosion rates of -0.29 and -0.19 km/a, respectively. In contrast, the maximum accretion occurred at the head of the Qingshuigou Promontory where the coastline advanced seaward over 20 km with a mean net accretion rate of 0.83 km/a. The coastline at the head of the Q(8) Promontory also advanced seaward 7 km with a mean net accretion rate of 0.29 km/a during the period 1996 to 2000. Total area of the Diaokou and Shenxiangou promontories was reduced by -141.3 km(2) with a mean net erosion rate of -6.03 km(2)/a. Total area of the Qingshuigou and Q(8) promontories increased by 384.16 and 11.88 km(2), respectively, with mean net accretion rates of 16.4 and 3.03 km(2)/a, respectively. Relative to the Diaokou, Shenxiangou and Qingshuigou promontories, the west area of the Diaokou Promontory and south area of the Qingshuigou Promontory were relatively stable, although minor erosion occurred. The general pattern of accretion and erosion of the modem Yellow River subaerial delta was divided into three stages: rapid accretion stage (1976-1984), accretion-erosion adjustment stage (1985-1995), and slow erosion stage (1996-present).The factors affecting the pattern of erosion and accretion over the Yellow River Delta, such as structural geology, the Yellow River sediment discharge, coastal processes, meteorological conditions, human activity, sea level rise and land subsidence were summarized. The cumulative area of increase over the entire subaerial delta is closely correlated with the cumulative Yellow River sediment discharge. Wave-induced longshore current is the major driving force to transport sediment from eroded areas along the last two abandoned promontories, Diaokou and Shenxiangou promontories, mostly westerly and partially easterly. Together with these coastal processes is the geographical shift of the Yellow River course associated with its discharge regime after 1976, leading to the accretion along the present Qingshuigou Promontory and then the Q(8) Promontory. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.