Plants show more flesh in the tropics: variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients
Plants show more flesh in the tropics: variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients
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DOI：
10.1111/ecog.02010
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Moles, Angela T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Si-Chong;Cornwell, William K.;Moles, Angela T.
果实类型对种子传播、种子捕食和能量分配有重要影响，但我们对果实类型变异的大尺度模式的理解还很薄弱。我们使用了4008个澳大利亚物种的数据集，提供了第一个大陆规模的测试一系列的假设，可能会影响水果类型的因素。我们发现，肉质果物种的比例有明显的纬度梯度，从43.75度的19%上升到9.25度的49%。种轴承肉质水果更频繁的澳大利亚沿海边缘，而种轴承非肉质水果变得更加频繁的干旱中心。潮湿，温暖和稳定的气候有利于肉质果实的物种，与两个最好的预测肉质果实的物种的比例是最大降水量超过五天（R-2 = 0.40），降水量在最潮湿的月份（R-2 = 0.25）。在考虑了物种间的系统发育相关性后，这些结果保持一致。一个包括降水、温度和气候变化变量的组合模型解释了67%的肉质果实物种比例的变化。我们的研究结果是一致的想法，即植物繁殖策略更经常绑定到条件在一年中的部分，他们的成长比条件在一年中的恶劣部分。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，植物繁殖性状和环境梯度之间的密切关系，并提高我们的理解，塑造大规模的模式，在植物生态策略的因素。
Fruit type has a major impact on seed dispersal, seed predation and energy allocation, but our understanding of large-scale patterns in fruit type variation is weak. We used a dataset of 4008 Australian species to provide the first continental-scale tests of a series of hypotheses about the factors that might affect fruit type. We found a significant latitudinal gradient in the proportion of Fleshy-fruited species, with the percentage of fleshy-fruited species rising from 19% at 43.75 degrees S to 49% at 9.25 degrees S. Species bearing fleshy fruits were more frequent on the coastal fringes of Australia, while species bearing non-fleshy fruits became more frequent toward the arid centre. Wet, warm and stable climates favoured fleshy-fruited species, with the two best predictors of the proportion of fleshy-fruited species being maximum precipitation over five days (R-2 = 0.40), and precipitation in the wettest month (R-2 = 0.25). These results remained consistent after accounting for phylogenetic correlation among species. A combined model including variables of precipitation, temperature, and climatic variation explained 67% of the variation in the proportion of fleshy-fruited species. Our results are consistent with the idea that plant reproductive strategies are more often tied to conditions during the parts of the year in which they grow than to conditions during the harsh parts of the year. Overall, our findings demonstrate strong relationships between plant reproductive traits and environmental gradients, and improve our understanding of the factors that shape large-scale patterns in plant ecological strategies.