Developmental Analysis of Mimulus Seed Transcriptomes Reveals Functional Gene Expression Clusters and Four Imprinted, Endosperm-Expressed Genes
Developmental Analysis of Mimulus Seed Transcriptomes Reveals Functional Gene Expression Clusters and Four Imprinted, Endosperm-Expressed Genes
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.00132
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发表时间：
2020-02-25
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Franks, Robert G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flores-Vergara, Miguel A.;Oneal, Elen;Franks, Robert G.
雌配子体的双重受精通过激活涉及细胞分化、器官模式和生长的基因启动种子中的胚胎发生和胚乳发育。胚乳中表达的基因子集表现出印记表达，亲本等位基因之间基因表达的正确平衡对于适当的胚乳和种子发育至关重要。我们使用转录时间序列分析来识别与种子发育关键转变相关的基因，包括与次生细胞壁合成、有丝分裂细胞周期、染色质组织、生长素合成、脂肪酸代谢和种子成熟相关的基因。我们将这些基因与酸浆草种子的形态变化联系起来。我们还鉴定了四种胚乳表达的转录本，它们表现出印记（父本）表达偏差。这四个基因的印记状态在其他开花植物中是保守的，表明它们在胚乳发育中具有重要的功能。我们的研究探索了从头开始细胞胚乳发育的物种的基因调控动态，拓宽了种子基因表达文献的分类焦点。此外，它是第一个在Mimulus guttatus中验证具有印记胚乳表达的基因，并将为未来对该模型系统中种子失败的遗传原因的研究提供信息。
The double fertilization of the female gametophyte initiates embryogenesis and endosperm development in seeds via the activation of genes involved in cell differentiation, organ patterning, and growth. A subset of genes expressed in endosperm exhibit imprinted expression, and the correct balance of gene expression between parental alleles is critical for proper endosperm and seed development. We use a transcriptional time series analysis to identify genes that are associated with key shifts in seed development, including genes associated with secondary cell wall synthesis, mitotic cell cycle, chromatin organization, auxin synthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and seed maturation. We relate these genes to morphological changes in Mimulus seeds. We also identify four endosperm-expressed transcripts that display imprinted (paternal) expression bias. The imprinted status of these four genes is conserved in other flowering plants, suggesting that they are functionally important in endosperm development. Our study explores gene regulatory dynamics in a species with ab initio cellular endosperm development, broadening the taxonomic focus of the literature on gene expression in seeds. Moreover, it is the first to validate genes with imprinted endosperm expression in Mimulus guttatus, and will inform future studies on the genetic causes of seed failure in this model system.