Emerging and re-emerging fungal threats in Africa.

Emerging and re-emerging fungal threats in Africa.
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DOI:
10.1111/pim.12953
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发表时间:
2023-02
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Hoving, Jennifer Claire
Hoving, Jennifer Claire
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dangarembizi, Rachael;Wasserman, Sean;Hoving, Jennifer Claire

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致命真菌感染在非洲的出现主要是由于人类免疫缺陷病毒(艾滋病毒)感染的负担不成比例地高,缺乏获得优质医疗保健的机会,以及缺乏有效的抗真菌药物。因此,非洲免疫功能低下的人感染新型隐球菌和耶氏肺孢子虫等机会性真菌病原体的风险很高,这些病原体与高发病率、死亡率和相关的社会经济影响有关。其他新出现的真菌威胁包括新兴真菌属,组织胞浆菌属,芽生菌属,和医疗相关的多药耐药耳念珠菌社会经济发展和COVID-19大流行可能会影响非洲大陆侵袭性真菌病流行病学的变化。这篇综述讨论了流行病学,临床表现和目前的管理策略,这些新兴的真菌疾病在非洲。我们还讨论了知识,政策和研究方面的差距,以告知未来管理这些真菌威胁的努力。
The emergence of deadly fungal infections in Africa is primarily driven by a disproportionately high burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, lack of access to quality health care, and the unavailability of effective antifungal drugs. Immunocompromised people in Africa are therefore at high risk of infection from opportunistic fungal pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Pneumocystis jirovecii, which are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and related socioeconomic impacts. Other emerging fungal threats include Emergomyces spp., Histoplasma spp., Blastomyces spp., and healthcare‐associated multi‐drug resistant Candida auris. Socioeconomic development and the Covid‐19 pandemic may influence shifts in epidemiology of invasive fungal diseases on the continent. This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current management strategies available for these emerging fungal diseases in Africa. We also discuss gaps in knowledge, policy, and research to inform future efforts at managing these fungal threats.
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